Use of pleuromutilins for the treatment of disorders caused by helicobacter pylori

ABSTRACT

A method of preventing or treating diseases mediated by Helicobacter pylori, comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment an effective amount of pleuromutilin.

The present invention relates to Helicobacter pylori treatment, such as treatment of diseases mediated by H.pylori, with pleuromutilins.

Infections with Helicobacter pylori may contribute to diseases such as active chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease and gastric adenocarcinoma, and are also reported to contribute e.g. to malignant lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue of the stomach, chronic renal failure, HIV, pernicious anemia, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, choleric polyps. Pharmaceuticals which are currently used in the treatment of H.pylori infections include antimicrobials, such as tetracycline, amoxicillin, metronidazole, clarithromycin, and mixtures of proton-pump inhibitors, such as omeprazole or lansoprazole, together with a second antimicrobial, e.g. amoxicillin or clarithromycin, but a major problem is the appearance of H. pylori strains which have become resistant to one ore several of the above mentioned antibiotics.

We have now surprisingly identified a compound class which shows surprisingly antibacterial activitiy in vitro against H. pylori, and which may be useful in the treatment of diseases mediated, e.g. caused, by H. pylori, e.g. even in against drug resistant strains.

In one aspect the present invention provides the use of a pleuromutilin in the preparation of a medicament for the treatment of diseases mediated by Helicobacter pylori.

In another aspect the present invention provides a method for the treatment of diseases mediated by Helicobacter pylori, comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment an effective amount of a pleuromutilin.

Diseases mediated by H.pylori or H.pylori infections include e.g. active chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, gastric adenocarcinoma, malignant lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue of the stomach, chronic renal failure, HIV, pernicious anemia, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, choleric polyps, e.g. which diseases are found simultanously.

A pleuromutilin for treatment includes one or more pleuromutilins, e.g. a combination of different pleuromutilins. Treatment includes treatment and prophylaxis. A pleuromutilin of the present invention includes a pleuromutilin in the form of a free base, and, where existing, in the form of a salt, in the form of a solvate and in the form of a salt and a solvate, e.g. and in the form of a complex, such as a cyclodextrin complex.

A pleuromutilin of the present invention may exist in the form of isomers and mixtures thereof, e.g. including diastereoisomers and mixtures thereof. Isomeric mixtures may be separated as appropriate, e.g. according to a method as conventional, to obtain pure isomers. The present invention includes a pleuromutilin according to the present invention in any isomeric form and in any isomeric mixture, such as described in patent literature cited below, which patent literature is introduced herein by reference with respect to isomeric forms of pleuromutlins. Preferably the cofiguration in the mutilin ring is the same as in a naturally produced mutilin.

A pleuromutilin for use according to the present invention or for treating diseases according to the present invention is designated hereinafter as “a pleuromutilin(s) of (according to) the present invention”.

Pleuromutilin, a compound of formula

is a naturally occurring antibiotic, e.g. produced by the basidomycetes Pleurotus mutilus and P.passeckerianus, see e.g. The Merck Index, 12th edition, item 7694.

A number of further pleuromutilins having the principle ring structure of pleuromutilin and having e.g. antibacterial activity, have been developed.

A pleuromutilin of the present invention includes a pleuromutilin having the basic structural elements as set out in formula

wherein R is vinyl or ethyl and the dotted line is a bond or is no bond.

The following numbering system is used in the present application:

The dotted line between positions 19 an 20 (and between positions 1 and 2) is a bond or is no bond. In a compound of formula A or of formula PLEU a hydrogen atom in positions 4, 7 and/or 8 of the ring system may be replaced by deuterium, and if the dotted line between positions 1 and 2 is no bond (single bond between positions 1 and 2) the ring system may be further substituted in positions 1 and/or 2, e.g. by halogen, deuterium or hydroxy. The group —O— in position 14 is further substituted, preferably by a substituted carbonyl group.

Examples of pleuromutilins according to the present invention includes e.g.

-   -   A compound as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,716,579, e.g. of         formula         wherein R is CH₃—(CH₂)₇—CH═CH—(CH₂)₇—COO—,         CH₃—(CH₂)₄—CH═CH—CH₂—CH═CH—(CH₂)₇—COO—,         CH₃—(CH₂)₉—CH═CH—(CH₂)₇—COO— or hydrogen;     -   A compound as disclosed in GB1312148, e.g. of formula         wherein X, Y and Z are as defined in any one of the following         groups:     -   a. X is —CO—CH₂—R₁, wherein R₁ is H, Cl, Br, I, thiocyanato,         azido, (N,N-tetramethylene-thiocarbamoyl)-mercapto,         dithiocarbonic acid-O—(C₁₋₃)alkyl, —S-phenyl, S-phenyl         substituted by carboxyl or by one or two OH, —S-pyridyl,         —S-benzyl, —S—(C₁₋₅)alkyl, or —S—(C₁₋₅)alkyl substituted by one         or more amino, OH or carboxyl, Y is vinyl, and Z is H;     -   b. X is —CO—CO—OH, Y is vinyl and Z is H;     -   c. X is —COCH₃, Y is vinyl and Z is H;     -   d. X is COCH₂NH₂, Y is ethyl and Z is H;     -   e. X is a group of formula         Y is ethyl and Z is H     -   f. X is H, Y is vinyl and Z is acetyl; or     -   g. X is COR₂, wherein R₂ is (C₁₋₅)alkyl, Y is vinyl and Z is H,     -   A compound as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,278,674, e.g. of         formula         wherein R₁ is vinyl or ethyl, n is an integer from 2 to 5, X is         sulphur or a group —Y— phenylene-Z- or a group ═NR₄, Y and Z are         both sulphur or one of Y and Z is sulphur and the other is         oxygen, R₄ is H or a second mutilin ring of formula I-U.S. Pat.         No. 4,278,674, wherein R₁ is as defined above and attached via a         —O—CO—CH₂— group in position 14; each of R₂ and R₃ are         (independently of each other) (C₁₋₁₀)alkyl, or R₂ and R₃         together with the nitrogen atom form pyrrolidino, piperidino,         morpholino, thiomorpholino, or 1-hexahydro-1H-azepino, or R₂ and         R₃ together with the nitrogen atom form piperazinyl, the second         nitrogen atom of which is substituted by (C₁₋₅)alkyl,         (C₁₋₄)hydroxyalkyl, (C₂₋₅)alkynoyloxy(C₁₋₄)alkyl, or         benzoyloxy(C₁₋₄)alkyl, or     -   R₁ is as defined above, n=2, R₃ is (C₁₋₁₀)alkyl,         (C₁₋₄)hydroxyalkyl, (C₂₋₅)alkynoyloxy-(C₁₋₄)alkyl, or         benzoyloxy(C₁₋₄)alkyl, X is ═NR′₄ and R₂ together with R′₄ forms         an ethylene bridge between both nitorgen atoms; such as     -   14-Desoxy-14[(2-diethylaminoethyl)mercaptoacetoxy]mutilin, e.g.         also known as tiamulin of formula     -   A compound as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,130,709, e.g. of         formula         wherein R is ethyl or vinyl, R₁ is selected from α- or β-anomers         of hexopyranoses, hexofuranoses, pentopyranoses, pentofuranoses,         pyranose and furanose aminosugars, disaccharides, trisaccharides         and R₂ is H, benzoyl or (C₂₋₄)alkanoyl; or R₁ is         2-deoxy-2-(hydroxyimino)-3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-α-D-glucopyranosyl         or -galactopyranosyl,         2-deoxy-2-(hydroxyimino)-α-D-galactopyranosyl,         2-deoxy-2-amino-4,6-di-O-acetyl-α-D-glucopyranosyl, or         2-deoxy-2-acetamido-3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-α-D-glucopyranosyl and R₂         is H;     -   A compound as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,129,721; e.g. of         formula         and the 19,20-dihydro derivative thereof and the tetra         (C₂₋₆)alkanoyl derivatives thereof;     -   A compound as disclosed in EP0013768, e.g. of formula         wherein R₁ is vinyl or ethyl, m is 0 or 1, and R₂ is a         heterocyclic radical, in which a 5- or 6-membered, unsaturated         or saturated heterocyclic ring containing one or more hetero         atoms selected from O, S and N, is attached to the —S(CH₂)_(m)—         group;     -   A compound as disclosed in EP0153277, e.g. an         N-acyl-14-O-[(1-amino-2-methylpropan-2-yl)thioacetyl]-mutilin or         19,20-dihydromutilin, such as of formula         wherein R₁ is vinyl or ethyl positions 19 and 20), and R₂ is         optionally hydroxy-substituted aminoalkyl or a 5-membered         saturated heterocycle, e.g. including Valnemulin (Econor®) of         formula     -   A compound as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 516,526, e.g. of         formula     -   wherein R₁ and R₂ independently of each other are H, alkyl,         alkenyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl;     -   A compound as disclosed in WO9322288, e.g. of formula         wherein R₁ and R₂ are independently of each other H, alkyl, or,         R₁ and R₂ together with the carbon atom to which they are         attached are cycloalkyl; and R₃ and R₄ independently of each         other are H, alkyl or substituted alkyl;     -   A compound as disclosed in WO9725309, e.g. of formula         wherein Y is carbamoyloxy, wherein the N-atom is unsubstituted         or mono- or disubstituted, such as a compound of formula         wherein R₁ is vinyl or ethyl, R₂ and R₃ independently of each         other are H, or optionally substituted     -   saturated or unsaturated (C₁₋₆)hydrocarbon or (C₃₋₈)cyclic         hydrocarbon,     -   heterocyclyl or aryl, or     -   R₂ and R₃ together form an optionally substituted cyclic group         of 3 to 8 ring atoms, optionally containing one additional         heteroatom selected from N, O and S, and optionally fused to a         hydrocarbon ring, a heterocyclic group or an aromatic group; or     -   R₂ is one of the above monovalent groups and R₃ is a group         selected form SO₂R₄, COR₅,     -   OR₅ and NR₆R₇; wherein     -   R₄ is optionally substituted,     -   saturated or unsaturated (C₁₋₆)hydrocarbon or (C₃₋₈)cyclic         hydrocarbon,     -   heterocyclyl, aryl, (C₁₋₆)alkylamino or arylamino;     -   R₅ is optionally substituted     -   saturated or unsaturated (C₁₋₆)hydrocarbon or (C₃₋₈)cyclic         hydrocarbon,     -   heterocyclyl or aryl,     -   R₆ and R₇ independently of each other are H, or optionally         substituted     -   saturated or unsaturated (C₁₋₆)hydrocarbon or (C₃₋₈)cyclic         hydrocarbon,     -   heterocyclyl or aryl, or     -   R₆ and R₇ together with the nitrogen atom to which they are         attached form an optionally substituted (C₃₋₈)cyclic group,         optionally containing one additional heteroatom selected from N,         O or S, and optionally fused to a hydrocarbon ring, a         heterocyclic ring or an aromatic group;     -   A compound as disclosed in WO9805659, e.g. of formula         wherein R₁ is vinyl or ethyl, and R₂ is a group R₃, R₄CH₂—, or         R₅R₆CH═CH—, wherein, each of R₃ and R₄ is an azabicyclic ring         system, or R₅ and R₆ together with the carbon atom to which they         are attached form an azabicyclic ring system;     -   A compound of WO9821855; e.g. of formula         wherein n and m are independently of each other 0, 1 or 2; X is         O, S, S(O), SO₂, —COO—, —NH—,—CONH—, —NHCONH—, or a bond; R₁ is         vinyl or ethyl; R₂ is a non-aromatic monocyclic or bicyclic         group containing one or two basic nitrogen atoms and attached         through a ring carbon atom, e.g. R₂ is optionally substituted         quinuclidinyl, azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl, azabicyclo[4.3.0]nonyl,         azabicyclo[3.2.1]octyl, azabicyclo[3.3.0]octyl,         azabicyclo[2.2.2]octyl, azabicyclo[3.2.1]octenyl,         azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonyl or azabicyclo[4.4.0]decyl; R₃ is H, OH;         or the moietity R₂(CH₂)_(m)X(CH₂)_(n)CH₂COO at position 14 of IA         or IB is replaced by R_(a)R_(b)C═CHCOO, wherein one of R_(a) or         R_(b) is hydrogen and the other is R₂; or R_(a) and R_(b)         together form R₂;     -   A compound as disclosed in WO0007974, e.g. a 14-acyloxy         derivative of mutilin or 19,20-dihydromutilin having a 2-fluoro         substituent, such as of formula         wherein R₁ is vinyl or ethyl (positions 19 and 20), and R₂COO—is         acyloxy, e.g. HOCH₂CO₂— or R—X—CH₂CO₂, wherein X is O, S or NR′         and R and R′ are indpendently of each other an aliphatic or         aromatic group, preferably R₂COO— is a carbamoyl group, such as         a group R₃R₄NCO₂— wherein R₃ and R₄ have various meanings (e.g.         R₃ and R₄ have the meaning as disclosed for the meaning of R₂         and R₃ in WO9725309);     -   A compound as disclosed in WO0027790, e.g. a compound of formula         wherein R₁ is a R^(A)(CH₂)_(n)O(CH₂)_(m), R^(A)(CH₂)_(p), or a         group of formula         wherein R is a spiro-fused mono- or bicyclic ring containing one         or two basic N-atoms; X₁ and X₂ which may be the same or         different, are each —CH₂— or —C═O, provided that at least one of         X₁ and X₂ is —C═O; and Y is —NH—, —CH₂— or —CH₂—CH₂—;     -   R^(A) is an optionally substituted aryl group or heteroaryl         group linked via a carbon atom; e.g. R^(A) is optionally         substituted phenyl, thienyl, pyridinyl, furyl, thiazolyl,         isoxazolyl, benzimidazolyl, quinolinyl,         1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-isoquinolinyl or benzthiazolyl:     -   m is 1, 2 or 3; n is 0, 1 or 2; p is 1 to 4; R₂ is vinyl or         ethyl; and R₃ is H, OH or F, and R₄ is H; or R₃ is H and R₄ is         F;     -   A compound as disclosed in WO0037074, e.g. a compound of formula         wherein R₁ is an optionally substituted heteroaryl group which         comprises a 5-membered heteroaromatic ring which has at least         one N-atom, e.g. a pyrrole, pyrazole, imidazole, 1,2,3-triazole,         1,2,4-triazole, indole, benzimidazole, benzotriazole,         2-aza-indole or 6-aza-indole; and which is linked via a N-atom;         R₂ is vinyl or ethyl; R₃ is H, OH or F, and R₄ is H;     -   or R₃ is H and R₄ is F;     -   A compound as disclosed in WO0073287, e.g. a compound of formula         wherein R₁ is optionally substituted aryl, e.g.         azabicyclo-octyl; or an optionally substituted nitrogen         containing ring, e.g. piperidinyl; R₂ is vinyl or ethyl; R₃ is         H, OH or F and R₄ is H; or     -   R₃ is H and R₄ is F;     -   A compound as disclosed in WO0114310, e.g. a compound of formula         wherein R₁ is a nitrogen containing heterocycle, an optionally         substituted aryl or optionally subsituted heteroaryl, or CH₂R₅,     -   e.g. R₁ is optionally substituted phenyl, 3-pyridyl, 4-pyridyl,         pyrimidin-2-yl, 1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl, benzothiazol-2-yl.         2H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl, azabicycloheptyl, azabicyclooctyl or         piperidinyl;     -   R₂ is vinyl or ethyl; R₃ is H, OH or F and R₄ is H; or R₃ is H         and R₄ is F; R₅ is halogen or SR₆; and R₆ is aminoalkyl, a         nitrogen containing heterocycle, or an optionally substituted         aryl or optionally subsituted heteroaryl; e.g. R₆ is optionally         substituted phenyl, 3-pyridyl, 4-pyridyl, pyrimidin-2-yl,         1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl, benzothiazol-2-yl. 2H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl,         azabicycloheptyl, azabicyclooctyl or piperidinyl;     -   A compound as disclosed in WO0109095, e.g. a compound of formula         wherein R is hydrogen or alkyl; R₁ is hydrogen or a group of         formula         wherein X is S, O, or NR₁₀, wherein R₁₀ is H or alkyl, or         N⁺(R′₁₀)₂ wherein R′₁₀ is alkyl in the presence of an         appropriate anion; and R₉ is amino, alkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl or         mercapto; and, if X is oxygen, R₉ is additionally hydrogen; R₂         is arylene, e.g. phenylene; or heterocyclene; R₄ is hydrogen or         alkyl; R₅ is hydrogen or alkyl; R₃, R₃′, R₆, R₇ and R₈         independently of each other are hydrogen or deuterium; or R and         R₂ together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached         form non-aromatic heterocyclene and R₁ is a group of formula         wherein X and R₉ are as defined above; e.g. a compound of         formula         wherein R_(1s) is hydrogen or a group of formula         wherein R_(6s) is hydrogen or deuterium; R_(2s) is hydrogen,         methyl or tert-butyl;     -   R_(7s) is hydrogen or methyl; and R_(3s), R_(4s) and R_(5s) are         hydrogen or deuterium;     -   A compound as disclosed in WO0174788, e.g. a compound of formula         wherein R₁ is a 5- or 6-membered optionally substituted         heteroaryl group;     -   e.g. pyridine, pyridazine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, isoxazole,         thiazole, imidazole, pyrazole, 1,2,3-triazole, 1,2,4-triazole,         benzimidazole, 3-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine, or         pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine; and R₂ is vinyl or ethyl;     -   A compound as disclosed in WO0204414, e.g. a compound selected         from 14-O-[(cycloalkyl-sulfanyl)acetyl]mutilins;         14-O-[(cycloalkyl-alkyl-sulfanyl)acetyl]mutilins;         14-O-[(cycloalkoxy)acetyl]mutilins; or         14-O-[(cycloalkyl-alkoxy)acetyl]mutilins, such as of formula         wherein R is hydrogen; R₁ is hydrogen or a group of formula         wherein X is sulphur, oxygen or NR₁₀, wherein R₁₀ is hydrogen or         alkyl; and R₉ is amino, alkyl, aryl or heterocyclyl; and, if X         is oxygen, R₉ is additionally hydrogen; Y is sulphur or oxygen;         R₂ is hydrogen or one or more substituents, R₄ is hydrogen or         alkyl; R₅ is hydrogen or alkyl; R₃ and R₃′ are hydrogen,         deuterium, or halogen; R₆, R₇ and R₈ are hydrogen or deuterium;         m is a number selected from 0 to 4; n is a number selected from         0 to 10; and p is a number selected from 0 to 10; with the         proviso that n plus p are at least 1;     -   e.g. a compound of of formula         wherein R_(1p) is hydrogen or the residue of an amino acid;     -   A compound as disclosed in WO0212199, e.g. a compound of formula         wherein R₁ is:     -   a 5- or 6-membered aromatic or heteroaromatic ring attached via         a ring carbon atom, preferably pyridyl, and comprising a         substituent selected from halo, R₇O—, R₇S— or R₈R₉N— on a ring         carbon adjacent to the carbon of attachment; or     -   a 5- or 6-membered dihydro heteroaromatic ring attached via a         ring carbon atom and comprising one oxygen or one or two         nitrogen atoms and optionally fused to phenyl, a 5- or         6-membered heteroaryl ring comprising one or two nitrogen atoms         or a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclyl ring comprising a sulphur,         oxygen or nitrogen atom and further comprising a substituent         selected from oxo or thioxo on a ring carbon adjacent to the         carbon of attachment;     -   a 6-membered tetrahydro heteroaromatic ring attached via a ring         carbon atom comprising one or two nitrogen atoms and further         comprising two substituents independently selected from oxo or         thioxo wherein one of the substituents is on a ring carbon         adjacent to the carbon of attachment; or     -   a bicyclic heteroyaryl ring attached via a ring carbon atom and         comprising nine or ten ring atoms and from one to four nitrogen         atoms;     -   wherein the ring of R₁ may be optionally further substituted; R₂         is vinyl or ethyl; R₃ is H, OH or F and R₄ is H, or R₃ is H and         R₄ is F; and R₅ and R₆ together form an oxo group; or R₃ and R₄         is each H and R₅ is H, or OH and R₆ is H, or R₅ is H and R₆ is H         or OH; R₇ is optionally substituted (C₁₋₆)alkyl; and R₈ and R₉         are independently selected from hydrogen or optionally         substituted (C₁₋₆)alkyl.     -   A compound as disclosed in WO0222580, of formula         wherein R and R₂ together with the nitrogen atom to which they         are attached form pyrrolidinyl or piperidinyl, R₁ is a group of         formula     -   R₃ and R′₃ are hydrogen, deuterium or halogen, R₄ is hydrogen or         alkyl, R₅ is hydrogen or alkyl, R₆, R₇ and R₈ are hydrogen or         deuterium; R₉ is amino, alkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl or mercapto;         and, if X is oxygen, R₉ is additionally hydrogen; R₁₀ is         hydrogen or alkyl, R′₁₀ is alkyl, X is sulphur, oxygen, NR₁₀, or         N⁺(R′₁₀)₂ in the presence of an appropriate anion, Y is sulphur         or oxygen, and m is 0, 1 or 2;     -   with the proviso that, when R and R₂ together with the nitrogen         atom to which they are 10 attached form piperidinyl, m is 0, Y         is S and Y is attached in position 3 of said piperidine ring         that group of formula I which is attached to the piperidine ring         via the residue Y is either in the (S)-configuration or in the         (R)-configuration, preferably in the (S)-configuration;         preferably a compound of of formula         wherein R_(3p), R′_(3p), R_(6p), R_(7p) and R_(8p) are,         index-number correspondingly, as defined for a compound of         formula I-WO0222580 for R₃, R′₃, R₆, R₇ and R₈; and R_(5p) is         hydrogen or one or more substituents, and if the group attached         to the piperidine ring via the sulphur atom is In position 3 of         said piperidine ring and R_(5p) is hydrogen, then the group         attached to the sulphur atom is either in the (S)-configuration         or in the (R)-configuration;     -   a compound of formula         wherein R_(3q), R′_(3q), R_(6q), R_(7q) and R_(8q) are,         index-number correspondingly, as defined for a compound of         formula I-WO0222580 for R₃, R′₃, R₆, R₇ and R₈; R_(5q) is         hydrogen or one or more substituents, preferably hydrogen; and         R_(q) is that part of an amino acid which remains if the         carboxylic group is splitt off;     -   a compound of formula         wherein R_(3r), R′_(3r), R_(4r), R_(6r), R_(7r) and R_(8r) are,         index-number correspondingly, as defined for a compound of         formula WO0222580 for R₃, R′₃, R₄, R₆, R₇ and R₈; R_(5r) is         hydrogen or one or more substituents, and R_(1r) is that part of         an amino acid which remains if the carboxylic group is splitt         off, or a compound of formula         wherein R_(3s), R′_(3s), R_(4s), R_(6s), R_(7s) and R_(8s),         respectively, are, index-number correspondingly, as defined for         a compound of formula I-WO0222580 for R₃, R′₃, R₄, R₆, R₇ and         R₈;     -   R_(5s) is hydrogen or one or more substituents, preferably         hydrogen; and R_(1s) is that part of an amino acid which remains         if the carboxylic group is splitt off; e.g. wherein in a         compound of formula I_(s) the group attached to the piperidine         ring via the sulphur atom is either in the (S)-configuration or         in the (R)-configuration; e.g. wherein in a group R_(1s) the         amine group of the amino acid residue is either in the         (S)-configuration or in the (R)-configuration;     -   A compound which is selected from the group consisting of         compounds of formulae

wherein R_(EX) is as set out in TABLE 1 (in all Examples of TABLE 1 the compounds are of formula I_(EX), with the exception of Example 12 in which the compound is of formula I′_(EX); ¹H-NMR-data of the compounds described and obtained according, e.g. analogously, to a method as described in the examples, are also indicated in TABLE 1): TABLE 1

Example 1 14-O-[4-Amino-cyclohexan-1-yl-sulfanyl)-acetyl]-mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride (d₆-DMSO): 7.9(b, 3H, NH₃), AB-system(ν_(A)=3.23, ν_(B)=3.29, 2H, H₂₂, J=15.2Hz), 3.03(m, 1H, SCH), 3.10(m, 1H, CHN)

Example 2 14-O-[(2-(R*)-((R)-Histidinyl)-amino-cyclohexan-1-(S*)-yl)-sul- fanyl acetyl)]-mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride (d₆-DMSO): Diastereoisomers: 8.4, 9.0(2xm, 2H, NH), 7.5, 8.7 (2xb, 2H, imidazole), 6.15, 5.1(2xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.52(d, 1H, J=5.2Hz, H₁₄), 4.2(m, 1H, a-H-histidine)3.45(m, 1H, H₁₁), 3.3(m, 2H, H₂₂), #2.7(m, 1H, CHS), 1.18, 1.45(2xs, (CH3)₁₅,(CH3)₁₈), 0.75, 0.88(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=5.4Hz)

Example 3a 14-O-[(2-(R*)-Methylamino-cyclohexan-1-(S*)-yl)-sulfanyl acetyl)]-mutilin (d₆-DMSO): Diastereoisomers: 6.15, 5.1(2xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.52(d, 1H), J=5.2Hz, H₁₄), 4.50(d, 1H, OH, J=5Hz), 3.45(t, 1H, H₁₁, J=5Hz), 3.25(m, 2H, H₂₂), 3.25(m, 1H, CHN), 2.82(m, 1H, CHS), 2.38(d, 3H, CH₃NH, J=5.1Hz), 1.3, #1.34)1.18, 1.45(2xs, (CH3)₁₅, (CH3)₁₈), 0.75, 0.88(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=5.4Hz).

Example 3b 14-O-[(2-(R*)-Methylamino-cyclohexan-1-(R*)-yl)-sulfanyl acetyl)]-mutilin (d₆-DMSO): Diastereoisomers: 6.15, 5.1(2xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.52(d, 1H, J=5.2Hz, H₁₄), 4.50(d, 1H, OH, J=5Hz), 3.45(t, 1H, H₁₁, J=5Hz), 3.25(m, 2H, H₂₂), 3.25(m, 1H, CHN), 2.65(m, 1H, CHS), 2.43(d, 3H, CH₃NH, J=5.1Hz), 1.3, #1.34)1.18, 1.45(2xs, (CH3)₁₅, (CH3)₁₈), 0.75, 0.88(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=5.4Hz)

Example 4 (14-O-[4-((R)-Valyl-amino-cyclohexane-1-yl)-sulfanyl)-ace- tyl]-mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride (CD₃OD): 8.3(d, 1H, NH), 8.1(b, 3H, NH3), 6.15(m, 1H, H19), 5.55(d, 1H, H14), 5.05(m, 2H, H2O), 3.75(m, 1H, NCHCO), 3.3(m, 1H, NCH), 3.42(d, 1H, H11), 3.25(m, 2H, SCH₂CO), 2.98(m, 1HCHS), 0.9(d, 6H, (CH₃)₂CH), 1.08, 1.36(2xs, 6H, #(CH₃)₁₈, (CH₃)₁₅), 0.65, 0.83(2xd, 6H, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇)

Example 5a 14-O-[((3-(R*)-Amino-cycloheptan-1(R*)-yl)sulfanyl)acetyl]-mu- tilin and 14-O-[((3-(S*)-amino-cycloheptan-1(S*)-yl)-sul- fanyl)-acetyl]mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride (diastereoisomeric mixture) (d₆-DMSO): 8.0(b, 3H, NH₃ ⁺), 6.15, 5.1(2xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.52(d, 1H, J=5.2Hz, H₁₄), 3.1, 3.2(2xm1H, #CHNH₃ ⁺), 3.4(m, 1H, H₁₁,), 3.3(m, 2H, H₂₂), 2.9(m, 1H, SCH), 1.18, 1.45(2xs, (CH3)₁₅, (CH3)₁₈), 0.9(m, 6H, CH(CH₃)₂), 0.75, 0.88(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=5.4Hz) #Example 5b 14-O-[((3-(R*)-Amino-cycloheptan-1(S*)-yl)sulfanyl)acetyl]-mu- tilin and 14-O-[((3-(S*)-Amino-cycloheptan-1(R*)-yl)sul- fanyl)acetyl]-mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride (diastereoisomeric mixture) (d₆-DMSO): 7.8(b, 3H, NH₃ ⁺), 6.15, 5.1(2xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.52(d, 1H, J=5.2Hz, H₁₄), 3.15(2xm1H, CHNH₃ ⁺), #3.4(m, 1H, H₁₁,), 3.3(m, 2H, H₂₂), 2.95(m, 1H, SCH), 1.18, 1.45(2xs, (CH3)₁₅, (CH3)₁₈), 0.9(m, 6H, CH(CH₃)₂), 0.75, 0.88(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=5.4Hz)

Example 6 14-O-[(3-(R/S)-(R)-Valylamino-1-(R/S)-yl)sul- fanyl)acetyl]mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride (d₆-DMSO): 8.4(m, 1H, NHC═O), 8.1(b, 3H, NH₃ ⁺), 6.15, 5.1(2xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.52(d, 1H, J=5.2Hz, H₁₄), 3.5, 3.9(2xm, 1H, a-H-va- lyl), 3.15(2xm1H, CHNH₃ ⁺), 3.4(m, 1H, H₁₁,)₂ 3.3(m, 2H, H₂₂), #2.95(m, 1H, SCH), 1.18, 1.45(2xs, (CH3)₁₅, (CH3)₁₈), 0.9(m, 6H, CH(CH₃)₂), 0.75, 0.88(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=5.4Hz)

Example 7 14-O-[(3-(R/S)-Guanidino-cyclohexan-1-(R/S)-yl)-acetyl]mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride (d₆-DMSO): 6.8-7.4(b, 3H, NH₃ ⁺), 7.65, 7.7(2xm, 1H, NH), 6.15, 5.1(2xm, H₁₉, H₂₀), H₂₁), 5.52(d, 1H, J=5.2Hz, H₁₄), 4.5(d, 1H, OH, J=6Hz), 3.1(m1H, CHNH), 3.4(t, 1H, H₁₁, J=6Hz), 3.3(m, 2H, H₂₂), 2.7(m, 1H, #SCH), 1.18, 1.45(2xs, (CH3)₁₅, (CH3)₁₈), 0.75, 0.88(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=5.4Hz)

Example 8a 14-O-[3-(R*)-((R)-Valyl-amino-cyclopentan-1-(S*)-yl)-sulfanyl)-ace- yl]-mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride (DMSO-d₆): 8.5(d, 1H, NH, J=7.2Hz), 8.1(bs, 3H, NH₃ ⁺), 6.15, 5.06, 5.02(3xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.55(d, 1H, H₁₄, J=8.2Hz), 4.05(m, 1H, H-alpha-valyl), 3.15(m, 1H, H-1′), 3.2-3.5(m, H-3′, H₁₁, #H₂₂), 1.35, 1.05(2xs, (CH₃)₁₅, (CH₃)₁₈), 0.91, 0.88(d, (CH₃)₂CH, J=6.8Hz), 0.8, 0.62(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=6.8Hz) Example 8b 14-O-[3-(S*)-((R)-Valyl-amino-cyclopentan-1-(R*)-yl)-sulfanyl)-ace- tyl]-mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride (DMSO-d₆): 8.5(d, 1H, NH, J=7.2Hz), 8.1(bs, 3H, NH₃ ⁺), #6.15, 5.06, 5.02(3xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.55(d, 1H, H₁₄, J=8.2Hz), 4.05(m, 1H, H□-valyl), 3.15(m, 1H, H-1′), 3.2-3.5(m, H3′, H₁₁, H₂₂), 1.35, 1.05(2xs, (CH₃)₁₅, (CH₃)₁₈), 0.91, 0.89(d, (CH₃)₂CH, J=6.9Hz), 0.8, 0.62(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=6.8Hz). Example 8c 14-O-[3-(S*)-((R)-Val #yl-amino-cyclopentan-1-(S*)-yl)-sulfanyl)-ace- tyl]-mutilin and 14-O-[3-(R*)-((R)-valyl-amino-cyclopentan-hydro- chloride(mixture of trans-diastereoisomers) 6.15, 6.12, 5.0-5.1(6xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.54, 5.55(2xd, 1H, H₁₄, J=8.2Hz), 4.15(m, 1H, H□-valyl), 3.1-3.5(m, H-1′, H3′, H₁₁, H₂₂), 1.35, 1.05(2xs, (CH₃)₁₅, (CH₃)₁₈), 0.91, #0.88(d, (CH₃)₂CH, J=6.8Hz), 0.8, 0.62(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆(CH₃)₁₇, J=6.8Hz)

Example 9 14-O-[((3-(R/S)-Amino-cyclopentyl)-sulfanyl)-acetyl]-mutilin-hydro- chloride (DMSO-d₆): 8.03(bs, 3H, NH₃ ⁺), 6.13, 5.05(2xm, 3H, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.55(d, 1H, H₁₄, J=8.0Hz), 3.2-3.6(m, H-3′, H₁₁, H₂₂), 3.14(m, 1H, H-1′), 1.35, 1.05(2xs, (CH₃)₁₅, (CH₃)₁₈), 0.8, 0.62(2xd, (CH₃0₁₆, #(CH₃)₁₇, J=6.8Hz)

Example 10 14-O-[(2-(R*)-((R)-Valyl)-methylamino-cyclohexan-1-(R*)-yl)-sul- fanyl acetyl)]-mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride (d₆-DMSO): Diastereoisomers: 8.0(m, 3H.NH₃ ⁺), 6.15, 5.1(2xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.52(d, 1H, J=5.2Hz, H₁₄), 4.50(m, 1H, OH), 4.2(m, 1H, a-H-val- ine), 3.45(m, 1H, H₁₁), 3.25(m, 2H, H₂₂), 3.25(m, 1H, CHN), 2.82(m, #1H, CHS), 2.88, 2.94(2xs, 3H, CH₃N), 1.3, 1.34), 1.18, 1.45(2xs, (CH3)₁₅, (CH3)₁₈), 0.75, 0.88, (2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=5.4Hz)

Example 11 14-O-[(3-Guanidino-phenylsulfonyl)-acetyl]mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride (CDCl₃): 0.58(d, 3H, H₁₆, J=7.2Hz), 0.81(d, 3H, H₁₇, J=7.3Hz), 1.02(s, 3H, H₁₈), 1.32(s, 3H, H₁₅), ABX-system(ν_(A)=1.2, ν_(B)=1.88, H_(13a), H_(13b), J=16.1Hz, J=9.1Hz), 2.08(d, 1H, H₄, J=2.1Hz), #ABXY-sys- tem(ν_(A)=2.23, ν_(B)=2.19, H_(2a), H_(2b), J=16.2Hz, J=9.1Hz, J=1.8Hz), 2.3(m, 1H, H₁₀), 3.4(d, 1H, H₁₁, J=5.98Hz), AB-system(ν_(A)=3.81, ν_(B)=3.89, 2H, H₂₂, J=14.1Hz), 5.18(dd, 1H, H_(20a), J=17.5Hz, J=1.6Hz), 5.29(dd, 1H, H_(20b), J=11Hz, J=1.6Hz), 5.51(d, 1H, H₁₄, J=8.3Hz), 6.05(dd, 1H, #H₁₉, J=11Hz, J=17.5Hz), 7.0(m, 1H, arom.H), 7.18(m2H, arom.H), 7.3t, 1H, arom, H₅, J=8Hz)

Example 12 14-O-[(N-(3-Methyl-2(R)-amino-butyryl)-piperidine-3(S)-yl)-sulfanyl- acetyl]-2(S)-fluoro-mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride (DMSO-d₆): Rotamers: 7.95(bs, 3H, NH₃ ⁺), 6.12, 5.05(2xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.56, 5.52(2xd, 1H, H₁₄, J=8.3Hz), 4.92(ddd, 1H, H₂, J=51.3, 8.4, 8.0Hz), 4.7, 4.69(2xd, 1H, 11-OH, #J=6.1Hz), 4.06(m, 1H, H□-valyl), 4.3, 4.25, 3.91, 3.88, 2.6-3.6(m, 4xCH₂N, SCH, H₁₁, H₂₂), 1.39, 1.06(2xs, (CH₃)₁₅, (CH₃)₁₈), 0.99, 0.9, 0.84, 0.64(4xd, (CH₃)₂CH, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=6.8Hz)

Example 13 14-O-[((Piperidin-3(S)-yl)methyl-sulfanyl)-acetyl]-mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride (d₆-DMSO, 350K): 6.15, 5.05(2xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.55(d, 1H, 5.2Hz, H₁₄), 3.4(d, 1H, H₁₁, J=5.2Hz), 3.05, 2.95, 2.52, 2.31, 2.09, (5xm, 4H, CH₂NCH₂), 3.2(m, 2H, SCH₂C═O), 2.48(m, 2H, CHCH₂S), 1.18, #1.45(2xs, (CH3)₁₅, (CH3)₁₈), 0.75, 0.88, (2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=5.4Hz)

Example 14 14-O-[((Azepan-4-(R/S)-yl)-sulfanyl acetyl)]-mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride 400mg of 14-O-[((N-BOC-azepan-4-(R/S)-yl)-sulfanyl acetyl)-mu- tilin(d₆-DMSO): 8.2-8.5(b, 2H, NH₂ ⁺), 6.15, 5.1(2xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.52(d, 1H, J=5.2Hz, H₁₄), 4.52(d, 1H, OH, J=6.2Hz)3.4(t, 1H, H₁₁, J=6.2Hz), #3.3(m, 2H, H₂₂), 2.9-3.2(2xm, 3H, SCH, CHNCH), 1.18, 1.45(2xs, (CH3)₁₅, (CH3)₁₈), 0.75, 0.88(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=5.4Hz

Example 15 14-O-[((N-(R)-Valyl-azepan-4-(R/S)-yl)-sulfanyl acetyl)]-mutilin-hy- drochloride (d₆-DMSO): 7.7-8.0(b, 3H, NH₃ ⁺), 6.15, 5.1(2xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.52(d, 1H, J=5.2Hz, H₁₄), 4.52(d, 1H, OH, J=6.2Hz), 3.4(t, 1H, H₁₁, J=6.2Hz), 4.1(m, α-H-valine), 3.4, 2.6(2xm, 4H, CH₂NCH₂)3.3(m, #2H, H₂₂), 2.9 (m, 1H, SCH), 1.18, 1.45(2xs, (CH₃)₁₅, (CH₃)₁₈), 0.75, 0.88(2xd, (CH₃0₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=5.4Hz)

Example 16 14-O-[(N-(R)-Valyl-pyrrolidin-3(s)-yl)-sulfanyl-acetyl]-mutilin-hy- drochloride (CD₃OD): Rotamer, 8.1(b, 3H, NH3), 6.3-6.4(m, 1H, H19), 5.75(d, 1H, H14), 5.15(m, 2H, H2O), 4.15(m, 1H, NCHCO), 3.9(m, 1H, NCH), 3.6(m, 1H, NCH), 3.42(d, 1H, H11), 3.28-3.35(m, 2H, SCH₂CO), 0.95, 0.98(2xd, 6H, (CH₃)₂CH), 1.08, 1.36(2xs, 6H, #(CH₃)₁₈, (CH₃)₁₅), 0.65, 0.83(2xd, 6H, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇)

Example 17 14-O-[((N-(R)-Pipecolyl-piperidin-4-yl)methyl-sulfanyl)-acetyl]-mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride ¹H-NMR(d₆-DMSO, 350K): 6.15, 5.05(2xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.55(d, 1H, 5.2Hz, H₁₄), 3.35(d, 1H, H₁₁, J=5.2Hz), 4.3(m, α-H-pipecol), 4.2, 4.05, 3.75(4xm, CH₂NCH₂), AB-system: 3.12, #3.18, J=14.7Hz, H₂₂),), 2.8(m, 1H, SCH), 1.18, 1.45(2xs, (CH3)₁₅, (CH3)₁₈), 0.75, 0.88(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=5.4Hz)

-   -   A compound of formula         wherein     -   the dotted line is a bond (double bond between positions a=b),         R_(1A) is hydrogen and R_(2A) is not present,         or     -   the dotted line is no bond (single bond between positions a-b).         and R_(1A) and R_(2A) independently of each other are hydrogen,         halogen or deuterium,     -   R_(3A) is (C₁₋₆)alkyl,     -   R_(4A) is hydrogen, (C₁₋₆)alkyl, a group —C(═NH)—NH₂, or the         residue of an amino acid,     -   R_(5A) is hydrogen, or     -   R_(4A) and R_(5A) together are a group ═CH—NH₂,     -   R_(6A) is hydrogen or deuterium, and     -   m_(A) is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5;     -   e.g. preferably the dotted line is no bond; R_(1A) is hydrogen,         R_(2A) is hydrogen, R_(3A) is (C₁₋₄)alkyl, such as methyl,         R_(4A) and R_(5A) are as defined above, R_(6A) is hydrogen, and         m_(A) is 2, 3 or 4;

e.g. including pleuromutilins, which are selected from the group consisting of compounds of formula I_(X), wherein R_(EX) is as set out in TABLE 2 (¹H-NMR-data of the compounds described and obtained according, e.g. analogously, to a process as described in the examples are also indicated in TABLE 2): TABLE 2

Example 18

Example 18a 14-O-[(3-(R*)-Amino-1-methyl-cyclopentan-1-(R*)-yl)-sulfanyl)-ace- tyl]-mutilin and 14-O-[(3-(S*)-amino-1-methyl-cyclopentan-1-(S*)-yl)-sul- fanyl)-acetyl]-mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride(mixture of trans-diastereoisomers) (DMSO-d₆): 7.98(bs, 3H, NH₃ ⁺), 6.13, 5.06, 5.03(3xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.55(d, 1H, H₁₄, #J=8.2Hz), 3.56(m, 1H, H-3′), 3.3-3.3(m, H₁₁, H₂₂), 1.36, 1.30, 1.29, 1.05(4xs, 9H, CH₃CS, (CH₃)₁₅, (CH₃)₁₈), 0.8, 0.62(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=6.9Hz)

Example 18b 14-O-[(3-(R*)-Amino-1-methyl-cyclopentan-1-(S*)-yl)-sulfanyl)-ace- tyl]-mutilin and 14-O-[(3-(S*)-Amino-1-methyl-cyclopentan-1-(R*)-yl)-sul- fanyl)-acetyl]-mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride(mixture of cis-diastereoisomers) (DMSO-d₆): 8.03(bs, 3H, NH₃ ⁺), 6.13, 5.06, 5.03(3xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.53(d, 1H, H₁₄, #8.0Hz), 4.52(bs, 1H-11-OH), 3.51(m, 1H, H-3′), 3.2-3.4(m, H₁₁, H₂₂), 1.41, 1.40, 1.35, 1.05(4xs, 9H, CH₃CS (CH₃)₁₅, (CH₃)₁₈), 0.8, 0.62(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=6.9Hz)

Example 19

Example 19a 14-O-{[(1S*,3S*)-3-((R)-2-Amino-3-methyl-butyrylamino)-1-meth- yl-cyclopentylsulfanyl]-acetyl}-mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride Rotamer 1: (DMSO-d₆): 8.48(d, 1H, NH, J=7.1Hz), 8.1(bs, 3H, NH₃ ⁺), 6.11, 5.06, 5.03(3xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.55(d, 1H, H₁₄, J=8.5Hz), 4.15(m, 1H, H□-valyl), 3.1-3.5(m, #H-1′, H-3′, H₁₁, H₂₂), 1.35, 1.32, 1.05(3xs, CH₃CS, (CH₃)₁₅, (CH₃)₁₈), 0.91, 0.88(d, (CH₃)₂CH, J=6.8Hz), 0.8, 0.62(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=6.8Hz). Rotamer 2: (DMSO-d₆): 8.48(d, 1H, NH, J=7.1Hz), 8.1(bs, 3H, NH₃ ⁺), 6.11, 5.06, 5.03(3xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.55(d, 1H, H₁₄, #J=8.5Hz), 4.5(bs, 1H, 11-OH), 4.15(m, 1H, H□-valyl), 3.1-3.5(m, H-1′, H-3′, H₁₁, H₂₂), 1.35, 1.32, 1.05(3xs, CH₃CS, (CH₃)₁₅, (CH₃)₁₈), 0.91, 0.88(d, (CH₃)₂CH, J=6.8Hz), 0.8, 0.62(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=6.8Hz)

Example 19b 14-O-{[(1R*,3R*)-3-((R)-2-Amino-3-methyl-butyrylamino)-1-meth- yl-cyclopentylsulfanyl]-acetyl}mutilin-hydrochloride (DMSO-d₆): Rotamers: 8.53(d, 1H, NH, J=7.2Hz), 8.1(bs, 3H, NH₃ ⁺), 6.12, 5.06, 5.03(3xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.55(d, 1H, H₁₄, J=8.4Hz), 4.52(d, 1H, 11-OH, J=6.1Hz), 4.25(m, 1H, H□-valyl), 3.2-3.5(m, #H-1′, H-3′, H₁₁, H₂₂), 1.42, 1.39, 1.35, 1.05(4xs, 9H, CH₃CS, (CH₃)₁₅, (CH₃)₁₈), 0.91, 0.88(d, (CH₃)₂CH, J=6.8Hz), 0.8, 0.62(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=6.8Hz)

Example 19c 14-O-{[(1R*,3S*)-3-((R)-2-Amino-3-methyl-butyrylamino)-1-meth- yl-cyclopentylsulfanyl]-acetyl}-mutilin and 14-O-{[(1S*,3R*)-3-((R)-2-Amino-3-methyl-butyrylamino)-1-meth- yl-cyclopentylsulfanyl]-acetyl}-mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride(mixture of cis-diastereoisomers) (DMSO-d₆): 8.4, 8.3(2xd, 1H, NH, J=7.2Hz), 8.17(bs, 3H, #NH₃ ⁺), 6.12, 5.06, 5.02(3xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.55(d, 1H, H₁₄, J=8.3Hz), 4.53(bs, 1H, 11-OH), 4.15(m, 1H, H□-valyl), 3.2-3.5(m, H-1′, H-3′, H₁₁, H₂₂), 1.36, 1.35, 1.32, 1.05(4xs, 9H, CH₃CS, (CH₃)₁₅, (CH₃)₁₈), 0.92, 0.91, 0.89, 0.88(2xd, 6H, (CH₃)₂CH, J=6.8Hz), 0.8, 0.62(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, #(CH₃)₁₇, J=6.8Hz)

Example 20 14-O-[((3-(R/S)-Amino-cyclohexan-1-(R/S0-methyl-1-yl)sulfanyl)ace- tyl]mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride (d₆-DMSO): Rotamers: 7.90(b, 3H, NH₃ ⁺), 6.15, 5.1(2xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.52(d, 1H, J=5.2Hz, H₁₄), 4.5(2xd, 1H, OH, J=6Hz), 3.4(t, 1H, H₁₁, J=6Hz), 3.3(m, 2H, H₂₂), 3.1(m, 1H, NCH), 1.2, #1.25(2xs, 3H, CH₃CS)-1.18, 1.45(2xs, (CH3)₁₅, (CH3)₁₈), 0.9(m, 6H, CH(CH₃)₂), 0.75, 0.88(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=5.4Hz)

Example 21a 14-O-[(3-(R*)-Guanidino-cyclohexan-1-(R*)-methyl-1-yl)-ace- tyl]mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride+14-O-[(3-(S*)-Guan- idino-cyclohexan-1-(S*)-methyl-1-yl)-acetyl]mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride (d₆-DMSO): 10.7, 8.6, 7.65, (3xm, 2H, NH), 6.7-7.5(b, 2HNH), 6.15, 5.1(2xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.52(d, 1H, J=5.2Hz, H₁₄), #5.5(d, 1H, OH, J=6Hz), 3.9, 3.6(2x, m1H, CHNH), 3.4(t, 1H, H₁₁, J=6Hz), 3.3(m, 2H, H₂₂), 1.4, 1.45(2xs, 3H, CH₃CS), 1.18, 1.45(2xs, (CH3)₁₅, (CH3)₁₈), 0.75, 0.88(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=5.4Hz). Example 21b 14-O-[(3-(R*)-Guanidino-cyclohexan-1-(S*)-meth- yl-1-yl)-acetyl]mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride+14-O-[(3-(S*)-Guan #idino-cyclohexan-1-(R*)-methyl-1-yl)-ace- tyl]mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride (d₆-DMSO): 10.7, 8.6, 7.65, (3xm, 2H, NH), 6.7-7.5(b, 2HNH), 6.15, 5.1(2xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.52(d, 1H, J=5.2Hz, H₁₄), 5.5(d, 1H, OH, J=6Hz), 3.9, 3.6(2x, m1H, CHNH), 3.4(t, 1H, H₁₁, J=6Hz), 3.3(m, 2H, H₂₂), 1.4, 1.45(2xs, 3H, CH₃CS), 1.18, 1.45(2xs, (CH3)₁₅, #(CH3)₁₈), 0.75, 0.88(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=5.4Hz)

Example 22a 14-O-[(3-(R*)-(R)-Valylamino-1-(R*)-methyl-1-yl)sulfanyl)-ace- tyl]mutilin and 14-O-[(3-(S*)-(R)-Valylamino-1-(S*)-methyl-1-yl)sul- fanyl)-acetyl]mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride (diastereoisomeric mixture) (d₆-DMSO): 8.3(m, 1H, NHC═O), 8.1(b, 3H, NH₃ ⁺), 6.15, 5.1(2xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.52(d, 1H, J=5.2Hz, H₁₄), #3.9(m, 1H, a-H-valyl), 3.3-3.1(4xm, 4H, H₁₁, H₂₂, CHNH₃ ⁺), 4.5(b, 1H, OH), 1.25(b, 3H, CH₃CS), 1.18, 1.45(2xs, (CH3)₁₅, (CH3)₁₈), 0.9(m, 6H, CH(CH₃)₂), 0.75, 0.88(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=5.4Hz) Example 22b 14-O-[(3-(R*)-(R)-Valylamino-1-(S*)-methyl-1-yl)sulfanyl)-ace- tyl]mutilin and 14-O-[(3-S*)-(R)-Valyl #amino-1-(R*)-methyl-1-yl)sulfa- nyl)-acetyl]mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride (diastereoisomeric mixture) (d₆-DMSO): 8.35(m, 1H, NHC═O), 8.1(b, 3H, NH₃ ⁺), 6.15, 5.1(2xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.52(d, 1H, J=5.2Hz, H₁₄), 3.95(m, 1H, a-H-valyl), 3.75(m, 1H, CHNH), 3.2-3.5(3xm, 3H, H₁₁, H₂₂,), 4.5(b, 1H, OH), 1.25(b, 3H, CH₃CS), 1.18, #1.45(2xs, (CH3)₁₅, (CH3)₁₈), 0.9(m, 6H, CH(CH₃)₂), 0.75, 0.88(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=5.4Hz)

Example 23 14-O-[(3-(R/S)-Dimethylamino-methylenimino-cyclohexan-1-(R/S)-meth- yl-1-yl)-acetyl]mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride (d₆-DMSO): 9.2, 8.1(2xb, 2H, NH), 6.15, 5.1(2xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.52(d, 1H, J=5.2Hz, H₁₄), 4.5(d, 1H, OH, J=6Hz), 3.7(,m1H, CHNH), 3.4(t, 1H, H₁₁, J=6Hz), 3.3(m, 2H, H₂₂), 3.1(b, 6H, N(CH₃)₂), #1.4, 1.45(2xs, 3H, CH₃CS), 1.18, 1.45(2xs, (CH3)₁₅, (CH3)₁₈), 0.75, 0.88(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=5.4Hz)

-   -   14-O-(oximino-(C₃₋₈)cycloalkyl-sulfanylmethylcarbonyl)-pleuromutilins         and         14-O-(hydrazo-no-(C₃₋₈)cycloalkyl-sulfanylmethylcarbonyl)-pleuromutilins,         such as a compound of formula         wherein     -   R_(1B) has the meaning of R_(1A) as defined in formula I_(A).     -   R_(2B) has the meaning of R_(2A) as defined in formula I_(A).     -   R_(10B) has the meaning of R_(8A) as defined in formula I_(A).     -   the dotted line has the meaning as defined in formula I_(A),     -   m_(B) has the meaning of ma as defined in formula I_(A),     -   R_(3B) Is hydrogen or (C₁₋₆)alkyl,     -   X_(B) is —O—R_(4B) or —NR_(5B)R_(6B),     -   R_(4B) is hydrogen or (C₁₋₆)alkyl, optionally substituted by a         group —NR_(7B)R_(8B),     -   R_(6B) and R_(6B) independently of each other are (C₁₋₄)alkyl,     -   R_(7B) and R_(8B) independently of each other are (C₁₋₄)alkyl,         or     -   R_(7B) and R_(8B) together with the nitrogen atom to which they         are attached form aliphatic heterocyclyl, having 5 to 8 ring         members, and     -   R_(9B) is hydrogen or (C₁₋₄)alkyl;     -   e.g. preferably R_(1B) has is hydrogen, R_(2B) has is hydrogen,         the dotted line is not present (single bond), m_(B) is 2, 3 or         4, R_(3B) is hydrogen or (C₁₋₄)alkyl, such as methyl, X_(B) is         as defined above, R_(4B) is hydrogen or (C₁₋₄)alkyl, such as         ethyl, substituted by a group —NR_(7B)R_(8B), R_(5B) and R_(6B)         are as defined above, R_(7B) and R_(8B) independently of each         other are (C₁₋₄)alkyl, e.g. ethyl, or R_(7B) and R_(8B) together         with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form         pyrrolidine or piperidine, R_(9B) is as defined above, and         R_(10B) is hydrogen;

e.g. including 14-O-(oximino-(C₃₋₈)cycloalkyl-sulfanylmethylcarbonyl)-pleuromutilins and 14-O-(hydrazono-(C₃₋₈)cycloalkyl-sulfanylmethylcarbonyl)-pleuromutilins, which are selected from the group consisting of of compounds of formula I_(EX) wherein R_(EX) is as set out in TABLE 3 (¹H-NMR-data of the compounds described and obtained according, e.g. analogously, to a process as described in the examples, are also indicated in TABLE 3): TABLE 3

Example 24 14-O-{[(3-Hydroxyimino-cyclopentan-(R/S)-yl)-sulfanyl]-ace- tyl}-mutilin(syn and anti forms) Syn*-form: (DMSO-d₆): 10.33(s, 1H, ═NOH), 6.15, 5.07, 5.03(3xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.55(d, 1H, H₁₄, J=8.3Hz), 4.5(d, 1H, 11-OH, J=6.1Hz), 3.25-3.45(m, SCH, H₁₁, H₂₂), 2.67(m, 1H, H-2a′), 1.35, #1.05(2xs, (CH₃)₁₅, (CH₃)₁₈), 0.8, 0.62(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=7Hz). Anti*-form: (DMSO-d₆): 10.36(s, 1H, ═NOH), 6.15, 5.07, 5.02(3xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.55(d, 1H, H₁₄, J=8.3Hz), 4.5(d, 1H, 11-OH, J=6.1Hz), 3.25-3.45(m, SCH, H₁₁, H₂₂), 2.74(m, 1H, H-2a′)1.35, 1.05(2xs, #(CH₃)₁₅, (CH₃)₁₈), 0.8, 0.62(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=6.8Hz)

Example 25a 14-O-{[(3-(E/Z)-Hydroxyimino-1-methyl-cyclopentan-(R*)-yl)-sul- fanyl]-acetyl}-mutilin ¹HNMR(DMSO-d₆): 10.33, 10.28(2xs, 1H, ═NOH), 6.15, 5.07, 5.02(3xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.55, 5.53(2xd, 1H, H₁₄, J=8.3Hz), 4.5, 4.48(2xd, 1H, 11-OH, J=6.0Hz), 3.20-3.45(m, SCH, H₁₁, H₂₂), 1.35, #1.05(3xs, CH₃CS, (CH₃)₁₅, (CH₃)₁₈), 0.8, 0.62(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=6.9Hz) Example 25b 14-O-{[(3-(E/Z)-Hydroxyimino-1-methyl-cyclopentan-(S*)-yl)-sul- fanyl]-acetyl}-mutilin (DMSO-d₆): 10.32, 10.27(2xs, 1H, ═NOH), 6.15, 5.07, 5.02(3xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.55(d, 1H, H₁₄, #J=8.3Hz), 4.5(d, 1H, 11-OH, J=6.1Hz), 3.20-3.45(m, SCH, H₁₁, H₂₂), 1.35, 1.05(3xs, CH₃CS, (CH₃)₁₅, (CH₃)₁₆), 0.8, 0.62(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=6.8Hz)

Example 26 14-O-{[(3-(2-Diethylamino-ethoxyimino)-cyclopentan-(R/S)-yl)-sul- fanyl]-acetyl}-mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride (syn/anti mixture) (DMSO-d₆): 9.9(bs, 1H, NH⁺), 6.15, 5.07, 5.03(3xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.55(d, 1H, H₁₄, J=8.1Hz), 4.3(m, 2H, OCH₂), 3.1-3.4(m, NCH₂, H₁₁, #H₂₂), 1.35, 1.05(2xs, (CH₃)₁₅, (CH₃)₁₈), 0.8, 0.62(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=6.8Hz)

Example 27a 14-O-[((E*-Hydroximino-cyclohexan-3-(R*)-yl)-sulfanyl)-ace- tyl]mutilin (d₆-DMSO): 10.31(s, 1H, HON═C), 6.15, 5.1(2xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.52(d, 1H, J=5.2Hz, H₁₄), 4.55(d, 1H, OH, J=5Hz)3.4(t, 1H, H₁₁, J=5Hz), 3.3(m, 2H, H₂₂), 2.95(m, 1H, SCH), 2.78, 1.95(2xm, 2H, CH₂C═N), 2.57, #2.09(2xm, 2H, CH₂═C═N), 1.18, 1.45(2xs, (CH3)₁₅, (CH3)₁₈), 0.75, 0.88(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=5.4Hz). [α]_(D)=15.87° (c=1, MeOH) Example 27b 14-O-[((E*-Hydroximino-cyclohexan-3-(S*)-yl)-sulfanyl)-ace- tyl]mutilin (d₆-DMSO): 10.31(s, 1H, HON═C), 6.15, 5.1(2xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, #H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.52(d, 1H, J=5.2Hz, H₁₄), 4.50(d, 1H, OH, J=5Hz), 3.4(t, 1H, H₁₁, J=5Hz), 3.3(m, 2H, H₂₂), 2.95(m, 1H, SCH), 2.78, 1.95(2xm, 2H, CH₂C═N), 2.57, 2.09(2xm, 2H, CH₂═C═N), 1.18, 1.45(2xs, (CH3)₁₅, (CH3)₁₈), 0.75, 0.88(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=5.4Hz). [α]_(D)=38.5° #(C=1, MeOH) Example 27c 14-O-[((Z*-Hydroximino-cyclohexan-3-(R*)-yl)-sulfanyl)-ace- tyl]mutilin (d₆-DMSO): 10.31(s, 1H, HON═C), 6.15, 5.1(2xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.52(d, 1H, J=5.2Hz, H₁₄), 4.50(d, 1H, OH, J=5Hz), 3.45(t, 1H, H₁₁, J=5Hz), 3.3(m, 2H, H₂₂), 2.90(m, 1H, SCH), 3.05, 2.05(2xm, 2H, CH₂C═N), #2.2(m, 2H, CH₂═C═N), 1.18, 1.45(2xs, #(CH3)₁₅, (CH3)₁₈), 0.75, 0.88(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=5.4Hz). [α]_(D)=13.62° (c=1, MeOH) Example 27d 14-O-[((Z*-Hydroximino-cyclohexan-3-(S*)-yl)-sul- fanyl)acetyl]mutilin (d₆-DMSO): 10.31(s, 1H, HON═C), 6.15, 5.1(2xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.52(d, 1H, J=5.2Hz, H₁₄), 4.50(d, 1H, OH, J=5Hz), #3.45(t, 1H, H₁₁, J=5Hz), 3.3(m, 2H, H₂₂), 2.90(m, 1H, SCH), 3.05, 2.05(2xm, 2H, CH₂C═N), 2.2(m, 2H, CH₂═C═N), 1.18, 1.45(2xs, (CH3)₁₅, (CH3)₁₈), 0.75, 0.88(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=5.4Hz). [α]_(D)=42.83° (c=1, MeOH)

Example 28a 14-O-[((E-Hydroximino-cyclohexan-3-(R/S)-methyl-1-yl)-sul- fanyl)acetyl]mutilin (d₆-DMSO): 10.31(s, 1H, HON═C), 6.15, 5.1(2xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.52(d, 1H, J=5.2Hz, H₁₄), 4.50(d, 1H, OH, J=5Hz), 3.45(t, 1H, H₁₁, J=5Hz), 3.25(m, 2H, H₂₂), 1.25(s, 3H, CH₃, CH₃CS)1.18, 1.45(2xs, (CH3)₁₅, #(CH3)₁₈), 0.75, 0.88(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=5.4Hz) Example 28b 14-O-[((Z-Hydroximino-cyclohexan-3-(R/S)-methyl-1-yl)-sul- fanyl)acetyl]mutilin (d₆-DMSO): 10.31(s, 1H, HON═C), 6.15, 5.1(2xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.52(d, 1H, J=5.2Hz, H₁₄), 4.50(d, 1H, OH, J=5Hz), 3.45(t, 1H, H₁₁, J=5Hz), 3.25(m, 2H, H₂₂), #2.7(d, 1H, CHC═N, J=12Hz), 1.25(s, 3H, CH₃, CH₃CS)1.18, 1.45(2xs, (CH3)₁₅, (CH3)₁₈), 0.75, 0.88(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=5.4Hz)

Example 29 14-O-[((Z/E-Hydroximino-cyclohexan-3-(R/S)-methyl-5-(R/S)-meth- yl-1-yl)-sulfanyl)acetyl]mutilin (d₆-DMSO): Diastereoisomers: 10.2, 10.28(3xs, 1H, HON═C), 6.15, 5.1(2xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.52(d, 1H, J=5.2Hz, H₁₄), 4.50(d, 1H, OH, J=5Hz), 3.45(t, 1H, H₁₁, J=5Hz), 3.25(m, 2H, H₂₂), 3.25, 1.7(2xm, 2H, #CH₂C═N), 1.3, 1.34(2xs, 3H, CH₃, CH₃CS), 1.18, 1.45(2xs, (CH3)₁₅, (CH3)₁₈), 0.75, 0.88(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=5.4Hz). MS-ESI: 534(M + 1)

Example 30 14-O-{[(3-(2-Diethylamino-ethoxyimino)-cyclohexan-(R/S)-yl)-sul- fanyl]-acetyl}-mutilin hydrochloride(E/Z mixture) (DMSO-d₆): 9.7(bs, 1H, NH⁺), 6.15, 5.07, 5.03(3xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.55(d, 1H, H₁₄, J=8.0Hz), 4.5, 4.25(2xm, 2H, OCH₂), 3.0-3.45(m, NCH₂, H₁₁, H₂₂), 1.35, 1.05(2xs, (CH₃)₁₅, #(CH₃)₁₈), 0.8, 0.62(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=6.8Hz)

Example 31 14-O-[(((E/Z)-Dimethylaminimino-cyclohexan-3-(R/S)-1-yl)-sul- fanyl)acetyl]mutilin (d₆-DMSO): Diastereoisomers: 6.15, 5.1(2xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.52(d, 1H, J=5.2Hz, H₁₄), 4.50(d, 1H, OH, J=5Hz), 3.45(t, 1H, H₁₁, J=5Hz), 3.3(m, 2H, H₂₂), 3.2, 2.8(2xm, 1H, CHS), 2.95, 1.85(2xm, 2H, CH₂C═N), 1.18, 1.45(2xs, #(CH3)₁₅, (CH3)₁₈), 0.75, 0.88(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=5.4Hz)

Example 32a 14-O-[((E*-Hydroximino-cycloheptan-3-(R/S)-yl)-sulfanyl)-ace- tyl]mutilin NMR(d₆-DMSO): 10.35(s, 1H, HON═C), 6.15, 5.1(2xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.52(d, 1H, J=5.2Hz, H₁₄), 4.5(d, 1H, OH, J=6.1Hz), 3.4(t, 1H, H₁₁, J=6.1Hz)), 3.3(m, 2H, H₂₂), 1.18, 1.45(2xs, (CH3)₁₅, (CH3)₁₈), 0.75, 0.88(2xd, #(CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=5.4Hz). Example 32b 14-O-[((Z*-Hydroximino-cycloheptan-3-(R/S)-yl)-sul- fanyl)acetyl]mutilin (d₆-DMSO): 10.35(s, 1H, HON═C), 6.15, 5.1(2xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.52(d, 1H, J=5.2Hz, H₁₄), 4.5(d, 1H, OH, J=5Hz)3.4(t, 1H, H₁₁, J=5Hz), 3.3(m ,2H, H₂₂), 3.05(m, 1H, SCH), 1.18, 1.45(2xs, #(CH3)₁₅, (CH3)₁₈), 0.75, 0.88(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=5.4Hz)

Example 33 14-O-{[(3-(2-Diethylamino-ethoxyimino)-cyclohept-(R/S)-yl)-sul- fanyl]-acetyl}-mutilin hydrochloride(E/Z mixture) (DMSO-d₆): 9.85(bs, 1H, NH⁺), 6.15, 5.06, 5.03(3xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.55(d, 1H, H₁₄, J=8.5Hz), 4.52, 4.53(2xd, 1H, 11-OH, J=6.2Hz), 4.28(m, 2H, OCH₂), 3.0-3.45(m, NCH₂, H₁₁, H₂₂), 1.35, #1.05 (2xs, (CH₃)₁₅, (CH₃)₁₈), 0.8, 0.62(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=6.8Hz)

Example 34 14-O-{[(3-(2-Pyrrolinine-1-yl-ethoxyimino)-cyclohept-1-(R/S)-yl)-sul- fanyl]-acetyl}-mutilin hydrochloride(E/Z mixture)- (DMSO-d₆): 10.2(bs, 1H, NH⁺), 6.15, 5.08, 5.05(3xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.58(d, 1H, H₁₄, J=8.3Hz), 4.53, 4.57(2xd, 1H, 11-OH, J=6.1Hz), 4.26(m, 2H, OCH₂), 3.0-3.45(m, NCH₂, H₁₁, H₂₂), #1.38, 1.08(2xs, (CH₃)₁₅, (CH₃)₁₈), 0.83, 0.64(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=6.8Hz).

Example 35 14-O-{[(3-(2-Piperidine-1-yl-ethoxyimino)-cyclohept-(R/S)-yl)-sul- fanyl]-acetyl}-mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride(E/Z mixture) ¹HNMR(DMSO-d₆): 10.0(bs, 1H, NH⁺), 6.15, 5.06, 5.03(3xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.55(d, 1H, H₁₄, J=8.4Hz), 4.5, 4.55(2xd, 1H, 11-OH, J=6.2Hz), 4.32(m, 2H, OCH₂), 2.8-3.5(m, NCH₂, #H₁₁, H₂₂), 1.35, 1.05(2xs, (CH₃)₁₅, (CH₃)₁₈), 0.8, 0.62(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=6.8Hz)

-   -   A compound of formula         wherein     -   R_(1C) has the meaning of R_(1A) as defined in formula I_(A).     -   R_(2C) has the meaning of R_(2A) as defined in formula I_(A),     -   the dotted line has the meaning as defined in formula I_(A),     -   R_(4C) has the meaning of R_(6A) as defined in formula I_(A),         and     -   R_(3C) is amino, (C₁₋₄)alkylamino, di(C₁₋₄)alkylamino, the         residue of an amino acid, hydroxy, or (C₁₋₄)alkoxy,     -   e.g. preferably R_(1C) is hydrogen, R_(2C) is hydrogen, R_(4C)         is hydrogen, the dotted line is not present (single bond), and         R_(3C) is amino, di(C₁₋₄)alkylamino, or the residue of an amino         acid;

e.g. including pleuromutilins which are selected from the group consisting of of compounds of formula I_(EX), wherein R_(EX) is as set out in TABLE 4 (¹H-NMR-data of the compounds described and obtained according, e.g. analogously, to a process as described in the examples are also indicated in TABLE 4): TABLE 4

Example 36a 14-O-{[(3S,3aS,6S,6aR)-6-Amino-hexahydro-furo[3,2-b]furan-3-yl- sulfanyl]-acetyl}-mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride (DMSO-d₆): 8.3(bs, 3H, NH₃ ⁺), 6.15, 5.05, 5.02(3xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.55(d, 1H, 8.2Hz, H₁₄), 4.65, 4.55(2xm, H₁₁-OH, H-3a′, H6a′), 3.6-4.1(m, 5H, H-2′, H-5′, H-6′), 3.3-3.5(m, 4H, #H₁₁, H-3′, H₂₂), 1.35, 1.05(2xs, (CH₃)₁₅, (CH₃)₁₈), 0.8, 0.62(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=6.5Hz) Example 36b 14-O-{[(3R,3aS,6S,6aR)-6-Amino-hexahydro-furo[3,2-b]furan-3-yl- sulfanyl]-acetyl}-mutilin-hydrochloride (DMSO-d₆): 8.3(bs, 3H, NH₃ ⁺), 6.15, 5.07, 5.03(3xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), #5.55(d, 1H, H₁₄, J=8.2Hz), 4.60, 4.7(2xm, H-3a′, H6a′), 3.6-4.1(m, 5H, H-2′, H-5′, H-6′), 3.3-3.5(m, 4H, H₁₁, H-3′, H₂₂), 1.35, 1.05, (2xs, (CH₃)₁₅, (CH₃)₁₈), 0.8, 0.62(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=6.9Hz) Example 36c 14-O-{[(3S,3aS,6R,6aR)-6-Amino-hexahydro-furo[3,2-b]furan-3-yl- sulfa #nyl]-acetyl}-mutilin-hydrochloride (DMSO-d₆): 8.25(bs, 3H, NH₃ ⁺), 6.15, 5.06, 5.03(3xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.55(d, 1H, H₁₄, J=8.4Hz), 4.60(m, 2H, H-3a′, H6a′), 3.55-4.2(m, 5H, H-2′, H-5′, H-6′), 3.35-3.5(m, 4H, H₁₁, H-3′, H₂₂), 1.35, 1.05(2xs, (CH₃)₁₅, (CH₃)₁₈), 0.8, 0.62(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, #(CH₃)₁₇, J=6.9Hz)

Example 37 14-O-{[(3S,3aS,6S,6aR)-6-Dimethylamino-hexahydro-furo[3,2-b]fur- an-3-ylsulfanyl]-acetyl}-mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride (DMSO-d₆): 11.25(bs, 1H, NH⁺), 6.15, 5.06, 5.03(3xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.55(d, 1H, H₁₄, J=8.2Hz), 4.60(m, 1H, H3a′), 3.3-4.1(m, H-2′, H-5′, H-6′, H-6a′, H₁₁, H-3′, #H₂₂), 2.8, 2.7(2xd, 6H, NH⁺(CH₃)₂, J=4.5Hz), 1.35, 1.05(2xs, (CH₃)₁₅, (CH₃)₁₈), 0.8, 0.62(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=6.9Hz)

Example 38a 14-O-{[(3S,3aS,6S,6aR)-6-((R)-Amino-3-methyl-butyrylamino)-hexa- hydro-furo[3,2-b]furan-3-ylsulfanyl]-acetyl}-mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride (DMSO-d₆): 8.65(d, 1H, NH, J=8.2Hz), 7.8(bs, 3H, NH₃ ⁺), 6.15, 5.07, 5.02(3xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.55(d, 1H, 5.2Hz, H₁₄), 4.55, 4.45(2xm, 3H, H₁₁-OH, H-3a′, H6a′), #3.6-4.2(m, 5H, H-2′, H-5′, H-6′), 3.4-3.5(m, 4H, H₁₁, H-3′, H₂₂), 1.35, 1.05(2xs, (CH₃)15, (CH₃)₁₈), 0.88, 0.92(2xd, (CH₃)₂CH, J=6.8Hz), 0.8, 0.62(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=6.8Hz) Example 38b 14-O-{[(3R,3aS,6S,6aR)-6-((R)-Amino-3-methyl-butyrylamino)-hexa- hydro-furo[3,2-b]furan-3-ylsulfanyl]-acetyl}-mutilin #in the form of a hydrochloride (DMSO-d₆): 8.8(d, 1H, NH, J=7.1Hz), 8.15(bs, 3H, NH₃ ⁺), 6.15, 5.07, 5.03(3xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.55(d, 1H, 7.9Hz, H₁₄), 4.6, 4.4(2xm, 2H, H-3a′, H6a′), 3.6-4.2(m, 5H, H-2′, H-5′, H-6′), 3.2-3.5(m, 4H, H₁₁, H-3′, H₂₂), 1.35, 1.05(2xs, (CH₃)15, (CH₃)₁₈), 0.89, 0.91(d, #(CH₃)₂CH, J=6.8Hz), 0.8, 0.62(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=6.8Hz) Example 38c 14-O-{[(3S,3aS,6R,6aR)-6-((R)-Amino-3-methyl-butyrylamino)-hexa- hydro-furo[3,2-b]furan-3-ylsulfanyl]-acetyl}-mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride (DMSO-d₆): 8.4(d, 1H, NH, J=7.8Hz), 8.1(bs, 3H, NH₃ ⁺), 6.15, 5.06, 5.02(3xm, H₁₉, #H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.55(d, 1H, 8.2Hz, H₁₄), 4.6, 4.5(2xm, 2H, H-3a′, H6a′), 3.6-4.4(m, 5H, H-2′, H-5′, H-6′), 3.3-3.5(m, 4H, H₁₁, H-3′, H6a′), 3.6-4.4(m, 5H, H-2′, H-5′, H-6′), 3.3-3.5(m, 4H, H₁₁, H-3′, H₂₂), 1.35, 1.05(2xs, (CH₃)15, (CH₃)₁₈), 0.94, 0.90(d, (CH₃)₂CH, J=6.8Hz), 0.8, 0.62(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, #(CH₃)₁₇, J=6.8Hz)

Example 39a 14-O-{[(3S,3aS,6R,6aR)-6-Hydroxy-hexahydro-furo[3,2-b]furan-3-yl- sulfanyl]-acetyl}-mutilin (DMSO-d₆): 6.15, 5.07, 5.03(3xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.55(d, 1H, H₁₄, J=8.3Hz), 4.85(d, 1H, 6′-OH, J=6.4Hz), 4.5(d, 1H, 11-OH, J=6.1Hz), 3.65-4.45(m, H-3a′, H-6a′, H-2′, H-5′, H-6′), 3.3-3.45(m, H-5′, H₁₁, H-3′, #H₂₂), 1.35, 1.05(2xs, (CH₃)₁₅, (CH₃)₁₈), 0.8, 0.62(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=6.9Hz) Example 39b 14-O-{[(3R,3aS,6R,6aR)-6-Hydroxy-hexahydro-furo[3,2-b]furan-3-yl- sulfanyl]-acetyl}-mutilin (DMSO-d₆): 6.15, 5.06, 5.03(3xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.55(d, 1H, H₁₄, J=8.3Hz), 4.8(d, 1H, 6′-OH, J=5.7Hz), #4.5(d, 1H, 11-OH, J=6.1Hz), 3.7-4.45(m, H-3a′, H-6a′, H-2′, H-5′, H-6′), 3.2-3.5(m, H-5′, H₁₁, H-3′, H₂₂), 1.35, 1.05(2xs, (CH₃)₁₅, (CH₃)₁₈), 0.8, 0.62(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=6.8Hz) Example 39c 14-O-{[(3S,3aS,6S,6aR)-6-Hydroxy-hexahydro-furo[3,2-b]furan-3-yl- sulfanyl]-acetyl}-mu- tilin(DMSO-d₆): 6.1, #5.07, 5.02(3xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.55(d, 1H, H₁₄, J=8.3Hz), 5.2(d, 1H, 6′-OH), 3.55-4.55(m, 11-OH, H-3a′, H-6a′, H-2′, H-5′, H-6′), 3.3-3.45(m, H₁₁, H-3′, H₂₂), 1.35, 1.05(2xs, (CH₃)₁₅, (CH₃)₁₈), 0.8, 0.62(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=6.8Hz)

-   -   14-O-(hydroxy- or         oxo)-(heterocyclyl-sulfanylmethylcarbonyl)-pleuromutilins,         wherein heterocyclyl is an aliphatic ring of 4 to 8 ring         members, preferably 5 to 7, comprising one nitrogen as the         heteroarom, e.g. a compound of formula         wherein     -   R_(1D) has the meaning of R_(1A) as defined above,     -   R_(2D) has the meaning of R_(2A) as defined above,     -   R_(4D) has the meaning of R_(6A) as defined above,     -   the dotted line has the meaning as defined above, and     -   R_(3D) is aliphatic heterocyclyl of 4 to 8 ring members, and         comprising one nitrogen atom as the heteroatom, or         (C₄₋₈)cycloalkyl, which heterocyclyl or cycloalkyl is         substituted by hydroxy or oxo;     -   e.g. preferably R_(1D) is hydrogen or deuterium, R_(2D) is         hydrogen or deuterium, the dotted line is not present (single         bond), R_(3D) is as defined above, e.g. heterocyclyl has         preferably 5 to 7 ring members, e.g. heterocyclyl is attached to         the sulphur in a compound of formula ID via a carbon bond; such         as hydroxypyrrolidino, hydroxypiperidino, oxo-perhydroazepinyl;         and     -   cycloalkyl is preferably (C₅₋₆)cycloalkyl, e.g. cyclopentanonyl,         R_(4D) is hydrogen or deuterium, e.g. including 14-O-(hydroxy-         or oxo-hetrocyclyl-sulfanylmethylcarbonyl)-pleuromutilins,         wherein heterocyclyl is an aliphatic ring of 4 to 8 ring         members, preferably 5 to 7, comprising one nitrogen as the         heteroarom, which are selected from the group consisting of         pleuromutilins which are selected from the group consisting of         compounds of formulae

wherein R_(EX) is as set out in TABLE 5 (the compounds of TABLE 5 are compounds of formula I_(EX), with the exception of the compound of Example 41 which is a compound of formula I″_(EX); ¹H-NMR-data of the compounds described and obtained according, e.g. analogously, to a process as described in the examples are also indicated in TABLE 5): TABLE 5

Example 40 14-O-[(3-R*-Hydroxypyrrolidine-4-(R*)yl)-sulfanyl-acetyl]-mutilin and 14-O-[(3-S*-Hydroxypyrrolidine-4-(S*)yl)-sulfanyl-acetyl]-mu- tilin in the form of a hydrochloride(diastereoisomeric mixture) d-6-DMSO): 9.4, 9.65(2xb, 2H, NH₂ ⁺), 3.6, 3.2(2xm, 4H, CH₂NCH₂), 4.45(m, 1H, CHO), 3.45-3.32(m, 3H, H₁₁H₂₂), 3.95(m, 1H, CHS), 1.18, #1.45(2xs, (CH3)₁₅, (CH3)₁₈), 0.75, 0.88(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=5.4Hz 0.98)

Example 41 2,2,4-Trideutero-14-O-[((3-(S*)-hydroxy-piperidine-4-(S*)-yl)sul- fanyl)-acetyl]mutilin in the form of a deuterochloride (d-6-DMSO, 350K): 8.05(b, 3H, NH₃ ⁺), 4.25-4.1(m, 3H, CH₂N, NHCHC═O), 3.75(m, 1H, CHO), 3.45-3.32(m, 3H, H₁₁H₂₂), 2.89(m, 1H, CHS), 1.18, 1.45(2xs, (CH3)₁₅, (CH3)₁₈), 0.9(m, 6H, CH(CH₃)₂), #0.75, 0.88(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=5.4Hz 0.98). The signals of the 2,2′-and 4-protons of the tricyclic moiety are missing in thast spectrum. Mass Spectroscopy(MS): m/e: 496

Example 42 14-O-[(3R*-Hydroxypiperidin-4-(R*)yl)-sulfanyl-acetyl]mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride+14-O-[(3S*-Hydroxypiperidin-4-(S*)yl)-sul- fanyl-acetyl]mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride (d-6-DMSO, 350K): 8.05(b, 3H, NH₃ ⁺), 4.25-4.1(m, 3H, CH₂N, NHCHC═O), 3.75(m, 1H, CHO), 3.45-3.32(m, 3H, H₁₁H₂₂), 2.89(m, 1H, CHS), #1.18, 1.45(2xs, (CH3)₁₅, (CH3)₁₈), 0.9(m,6H, CH(CH₃)₂), 0.75, 0.88(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=5.4Hz 0.98)

Example 43 14-O-[((Azepan-2-one-4-(R/S)-yl)-sulfanyl acetyl)]-mutilin (d₆-DMSO): 6.15, 5.1(2xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.52(d, 1H, J=5.2Hz, H₁₄), 3.4(m, 1H, H₁₁,), 3.3(m, 2H, H₂₂), 3.1(m, 2H, SCH, CHN), 1.18, 1.45(2xs, (CH3)₁₅, (CH3)₁₈), 0.75, 0.88(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=5.4Hz)

Example 44 14-O-{[(3-Oxo-cyclopentan-(R/S)-yl)-sulfanyl]-acetyl}-mutilin (CDCl₃): 6.45, 5.35, 5.2(3xm, H₁₉, H₂₀, H₂₁), 5.8(d, 1H, H₁₄, J=8.4Hz), 3.6(m, 1H, SCH), 3.35(m, 1H, 11-OH), AB-system(ν_(A)=3.25, ν_(B)=3.17, 2H, H₂₂, J=14.8Hz), 2.65(m, ½H, H-2a′), 2.6(m, ½H, H-2a′), 1.45, #1.18(2xs, (CH₃)₁₅, (CH₃)₁₈), 0.9, 0.75(2xd, (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇, J=6.8Hz)

Compounds provided by the present invention, the formulae of which are as set out in TABLE 1 to TABLE 5, and compounds of formulae I_(A), I_(B), I_(C), I_(D), I_(EX), I′_(EX) and I″_(EX) are herein designated as “SPECIAL compound(s) of (according to) the present invention”. “The residue of an amino acid”, whenever defined in any one of the SPECIAL compounds of the present invention includes that part of an amino acid, e.g. including natural and synthetic amino acids, e.g. valine and other amino acids as defined herein, most preferably valine; which remains if the hydroxy group from the carboxylic acid group is splitt off, e.g. In case of valine [HO—CO—CH(NH₂)—CH(CH₃)₂] the residue —CO—CH(NH₂)—CH(CH₃)₂.

In a SPECIAL compound of the present invention each single defined substitutent may be a preferred substituent, e.g. independently of each other substitutent defined. A SPECIAL compound of the present invention includes a compound in any form, e.g. in free form, in the form of a salt, in the form of a solvate and in the form of a salt and a solvate.

A salt of a SPECIAL compound of the present invention includes a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, e.g. including a metal salt or an acid addition salt. Metal salts include for example alkali or earth alkali salts; acid addition salts include salts of a compound of formula I with an acid, e.g. hydrogen fumaric acid, fumaric acid, naphthalin-1,5-sulphonic acid, phosphoric acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, hydrochloric acid, deuterochloric acid; preferably hydrochloric acid. A SPECIAL compound of the present invention in free form may be converted into a corresponding compound in the form of a salt; and vice versa. A SPECIAL compound of the present invention in free form or in the form of a salt and in the form of a solvate may be converted into a corresponding compound in free form or in the form of a salt in unsolvated form; and vice versa. A SPECIAL compound of the present invention may exist in the form of isomers and mixtures thereof; e.g. optical isomers, diastereoisomers, cis-, trans-conformers. A SPECIAL compound of the present invention may e.g. contain asymmetric carbon atoms and may thus exist in the form of diastereoisomeres and mixtures thereof, e.g. racemates. For example a SPECIAL compound of the present invention may comprise the residue of an amino acid. In such amino acid residue the carbon atom to which the amino group is attached may be an asymmetric carbon atom and the amino group attached may thus be in the R— or S-configuration. A SPECIAL compound of the present invention may comprise a cycloalkyl, e.g. attached to the sulfanyl group, which cycloalkyl may be further substituted, and said substitutents may exist in the cis or in the trans conformation. E.g., the carbon atom of a cycloalkyl group to which the sulfanylgroup is attached may be asymmetric, e.g. if said cycloalkyl is further substituted, and substitutents attached to said cycloalkyl group may be in the R— or in the S-configuration. E.g., a SPECIAL compound of the present invention also may comprise an oxime group. The hydroxgroup attached to the imino group may be in syn- or in anti-configuration. Isomeric mixtures may be separated as appropriate, e.g. according, e.g. analogously, to a method as conventional, to obtain pure isomers. The present invention includes a SPECIAL compound of the present invention In any isomeric form and in any isomeric mixture.

The present invention also includes tautomers of a SPECIAL compound of the present invention where such tautomers can exist.

Any compound described herein, e.g. a SPECIAL compound of the present invention, may be prepared as appropriate, e.g. according to a method as conventional, e.g. analogously, e.g. or as specified herein.

A SPECIAL compound of the present invention, e.g. a compound of formula

wherein

-   -   R_(1P) has the meaning of R_(1A) as defined above,     -   R_(2P) has the meaning of R_(2A) as defined above,     -   R_(3P) has the meaning of R_(6A) as defined above,     -   the dotted line has the meaning as defined above, and     -   R_(P) has the meaning as set out in any one of the compounds of         TABLE 1 to TABLE 5, and in a compound of formulae I_(A), I_(B),         I_(C), I_(D), I_(EX), I′_(EX) and I″_(EX),     -   may be prepared as appropriate, e.g. including a process         comprising the steps of     -   a. reacting a compound of formula         wherein R_(1P) and R_(2P) are as defined above, and the dotted         line has the meaning as defined above,     -   with thiourea and subsequent reduction to obtain a compound of         formula         wherein R_(1P) and R_(2P) are as defined above,     -   b. reacting a compound of formula II_(P) obtained in step a,         with a compound of formula         R_(p)—H         wherein R_(P) is as defined above, in a reactive form, e.g. a         mesylate or a tosylate, optionally in a protected form,     -   to obtain a compound of formula I_(P) (i.e. a SPECIAL compound         of the present invention), or to obtain a pre-form of a compound         of formula I_(P),     -   c. optionally further reacting a pre-form obtained in step b. to         obtain a compound of formula I_(P), e.g. introducing deuterium         to obtain a compound of formula I_(P) wherein the subsitutents         are as defined above,         and     -   d. isolating a compound of formula I_(P) obtained in step b. or         in step c. from the reaction mixture.     -   R_(P) is substituted (C₄₋₈)cycloalkyl, substituted phenyl,         substituted aliphatic heterocyclyl, having 4 to 8 ring members         and comprising as a heteroatom 1 or 2 nitrogen atoms, alkyl,         substituted by (substituted) amino, alkyl substituted by         heterocyclyl, or substituted, bicyclic aliphatic heterocyclyl,         comprising in each ring 5 ring members and one oxygen         heteroatom, e.g. including the meanings of R_(P) in the SPECIAL         pleuromutilins of the present invention, e.g. such as set out in         any one of the compounds of TABLE 1 to TABLE 5, and in a         compound of formulae I_(A), I_(B), I_(C), I_(D), I_(EX), I′_(EX)         and I″_(EX).

A process for the production of the SPECIAL compounds of the present invention may e.g. be carried out analogously to processes as set out in any of the patent references cited herein, e.g. analogously to a process for the production of compounds as described in patent literature cited herein, such as in WO0109095, WO0204414 and WO0222580, or as described herein. All patent references cited herein are introduced by reference, especially with respect to the claim scopes and meanings of the substituents, e.g. including the preferred meanings of the substitutents, and with respect to production processes.

A pleuromutilin of the present invention includes the SPECIAL compounds of the present invention of formula I_(P). A pleuromutilin of the present invention includes one or more, preferably one, pleuromutilins of the present invention, e.g. one pleuromutilin or a combination of different pleuromutilins of the present invention.

We have found that SPECIAL compounds of the present invention, including compounds of formula I_(P), exhibit pharmacological activity similar to pleuromutilins in similar indications, e.g. as described in WO0109095, WO0204414 and WO0222580, e.g. in test systems similar as described in WO0109095, WO0204414 and WO0222580, and expectedly additionally in test systems as described herein. Compounds of formula I_(P) are therefore useful as pharmaceuticals.

For pharmaceutical treatment, the appropriate dosage of a pleuromutilin will, of course, vary depending upon, for example, the chemical nature and the pharmakokinetic data of a pleuromutilin of the present invention used, the individual host, the mode of administration and the nature and severity of the conditions being treated. However, in general, for satisfactory results in larger mammals, for example humans, an indicated daily dosage is in the range from about 0.05 g to about 5.0 g, of a pleuromutilin of the present invention; conveniently administered, for example, in divided doses up to four times a day.

A pleuromutilin of the present invention may be administered by any conventional route, for example enterally, e.g. including nasal, buccal, rectal, oral administration; parenterally, e.g. including intravenous, intramuscular, subcutanous administration; or topically; e.g. including epicutaneous, intranasal, intratracheal administration;

-   -   e.g. in form of coated or uncoated tablets, capsules, injectable         solutions or suspensions, e.g. in the form of ampoules, vials,         in the form of creams, gels, pastes, inhaler powder, foams,         tinctures, lip sticks, drops, sprays, or in the form of         suppositories.

Pleuromutilins of the present invention may be administered in the form of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, e.g. an acid addition salt or metal salt; or in free form; optionally in the form of a solvate. Pleuromutilins of the present invention in the form of a salt exhibit the same order of activity as the pleuromutilins of the present invention in free form; optionally in the form of a solvate.

A pleuromutilin of the present invention may be used for pharmaceutical treatment according to the present invention alone, or in combination with one or more other pharmaceutically active agents, e.g. such which show pharmaceutical activity against H.pylori infections, e.g. including antimicrobials, such as tetracycline, amoxicillin, metronidazole, clarithromycin, and mixtures of proton-pump inhibitors, such as omeprazole or lansoprazole, together with a second antimicrobial, e.g. amoxicillin or clarithromycin.

In another aspect the present invention provides the use of a pleuromutilin in combination with one or more other pharmaceutically active agents in the preparation of a medicament for the treatment of diseases mediated by Helicobacter pylori.

In another aspect the present invention provides a method for the treatment of diseases mediated by Helicobacter pylori, comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment an effective amount of a pleuromutilin in combination with one or more other pharmaceutically active agents.

Combinations include fixed combinations, in which two or more pharmaceutically active agents are in the same formulation; kits, in which two or more pharmaceutically active agents in separate formulations are sold in the same package, e.g. with instruction for co-administration; and free combinations in which the pharmaceutically active agents are packaged separately, but instruction for simultaneous or sequential administration are given.

A pharmaceutical composition comprising a pleuromutilin of the present invention further comprises at least one pharmaceutical excipient, e.g. appropriate carrier and/or diluent, e.g. including fillers, binders, disintegrators, flow conditioners, lubricants, sugars and sweeteners, fragrances, preservatives, stabilizers, wetting agents and/or emulsifiers, solubilizers, salts for regulating osmotic pressure and/or buffers.

Such compositions may be manufactured according, e.g. analogously to a method as conventional, e.g. by mixing, granulating, coating, dissolving or lyophilizing processes. Unit dosage forms may comprise, for example, from about 0.5 mg to about 1500 mg, such as 1 mg to about 500 mg.

Pleuromutilins of the present invention for administration in diseases mediated by H.pylori, may be administered in a similar mode and in similar dosages as other active agents in H.pylori treatment, such as amoxicillin or clarithromycin.

A pleuromutilin of the present invention is preferably selected from a compound of formula I-Valnemulin (Econor®) or a compound of formula I_(S)-WO0109095, e.g. a compound of formula

e.g. in free form or in the form of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt.

Activity against strains of Helicobacter pylori is determined according to the Agar Dilution Method, using Mueller Hinton agar, supplementet with >2 week old horse blood (5% v/v), incubation at 35° C. for 3 days in a gas system-generated microaerobic atmosphere according to NCCLS recommendations, such as disclosed e.g. in “Methods for dilution antimicrobial susceptibility tests for bacteria that grow aerobically “—Fourth eddition; approved standard. M7-A4 Vol.17 No.2 (1997) and M100-S9 Vol.19 No. 1 (1999).

Pleuromutilins of the present invention show activity in such Test Methods against strains of H.pylori and are thus useful in the treatment of infectios mediated, e.g. caused, by H.pylori. Pleuromutilins of the present invention surprisingly may be even active against resistant H.pylori strains, e.g. strains which are resistant against treatment with known pharmaceuticals useful in the treatment of diseases caused by H.pylori infections, e.g. metronidazole resistant strains.

In the following Examples all temperatures are in degree Centigrade and are uncorrected. The following abbreviations are used: BOC: tert.butoxyxcarbonyl DCC: dicyclohexylcarbodiimide DMF: N,N-dimethylformamide DMSO: dimethylsulfoxide EDC: N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N′- ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride EtAc: ethyl acetate EtOH: ethanol HOBT: 1-hydroxybenzotriazole MeOH: methanol MS: mass spectroscopy RT: room temperature TBAF: tetra-n-butylammonium fluoride TFA: trifluoroacetic acid THF: tetrahydrofurane

Chromatography is carried out on silica gel.

PREPARATION EXAMPLES I. Preparation of (SPECIAL) Pleuromutilins of the Present Invention Example I-A 14-O—[(N-(3-Methyl-2(R)-amino-butyryl)piperidine-3-yl)-sulfanylacetyl]-mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride I-AA) 14-O—[(N—BOC-Piperidin-3(S)-yl)-sulfanylacetyl]-mutilin

Method 1:

532 mg of 22-O-tosyl-pleuromutilin are added to a solution of 217 mg of N—BOC-piperidine-3(S)-thiol and 112 mg potassium tert. butylate in 10 ml of THF, the mixture obtained is stirred forer 3 hours, the mixture obtained is distributed between EtAc and brine, the organic phase obtained is dried, solvent is evaporated and the evaporation residue obtained is subjected to chromatography. 14-O—[(N—BOC-Piperidin-3(S)-yl)-sulfanylacetyl]-mutilin is obtained.

Method 2:

A solution of 1.97 g of 22-mercapto-pleuromutilin, 1.39 g of N—BOC-3(R)-methylsulfonyloxy-piperidine and 0.12 g of sodium in 50 ml of EtOH is heated to 90° for 12 hours, from the mixture obtained solvent is evaporated and the evaporation residue is subjected to chromatography. 14-O—[(N—BOC-piperidin-3-yl)-sulfanylacetyl]-mutilin is obtained.

¹H-MR(CDCl₃):6.45,5.35,5,2(3×m,H₁₉,H₂₀,H₂₁),5.74(d,1H,5.2 Hz,H₁₄),3.35(d,1H,H₁₁,J=5.2 Hz), AB-system: 3.12,3.18, J=14.7 Hz,H₂₂), 3.2,2.95,2.65,2.6(4×m,CH₂NCH₂), 2.85 (m,1H, SCH),1.18,1.45 (2×s,(CH3)₁₅,(CH3)₁₈), 0.75,0.88(2×d,(CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇,J=5.4 Hz)

I-AB) 14-O—[(N-(3-Methyl-2(R)-amino-butyryl)-piperidine-3-yl)-sulfanylacetyl]-mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride

A solution of 280 mg of 14-O—[(N—BOC-piperidin-3-yl)-sulfanylacetyl]-mutilin in 20 ml of CH₂Cl₂ and 1 ml of TFA is stirred at RT for 30 minutes and from the mixture obtained solvent is evaporated. The evaporation residue obtained is treated with 40 ml of CH₂Cl₂, 55 mg of N-methyl-morpholine, 110 mg of N—BOC—(R)-valine and 105 mg of DCC are added and the mixture obtained is stirred for 3 hours. From the mixture obtained precipitated dicyclohexylurea is filtered off and the filtrate obtained is subjected to chromatography. Purified 14-O—[(N-(3-Methyl-2(R)-amino-butyryl)-piperidine-3-yl)-sulfanylacetyl]-mutilin obtained is treated with TFA in CH₂Cl₂, solvent is evaporated and the evaporation residue obtained is treated with etheric HCl. 14-O—[(N-(3-Methyl-2(R)-amino-butyryl)-piperidine-3-yl)-sulfanylacetyl]-mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride is obtained.

¹H-NMR(d-6-DMSO,330K): 6.45,5.35,5,2(3×m,H₁₉,H₂₀,H₂₁), 5.74 (d,1H,5.2 Hz,H₁₄), 5.45 (d,1H,NH,J=7.8 Hz), 4.1 (m,1H,NHCHCO), 3.35 (d,1H,H₁₁,J=5.2 Hz), AB-system: 3.12,3.18, J=14.7 Hz,H₂₂), 3.2, 2.95, 2.65 ,2.6 (4×m,CH₂NCH₂), 2.8 (m,1H,SCH), 1.18,1.45 (2×s,(CH3)₁₅,(CH3)₁₈), 0.75,0.88 (2×d,(CH₃)₁₆,(CH₃)₁₇,J=5.4 Hz), 0.78.0.84 (2×d, (CH₃)₂CHJ=6.8 Hz)

Example I-B 14-O—[(N-(3Methyl-2(R)-amino-butyryl)-piperidine-3(S)-yl)-sulfanylacetyl]-2(S)-fluoro-mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride IBA) 14-O-(Tosyloxyacetyl)-2(S)-fluoro-mutilin

To a solution of 500 mg of 14-O-(hydroxyacetyl)-2(S)-fluoro-mutilin (see e.g. Vyplel H., et al J Fluorine Chem; 23, 482 (1983)), in 5 ml of CH₂Cl₂ 450 mg of toluene sulfonic acid anhydride and 0.21 ml of pyridine are added and the mixture obtained is stirred for 4 hours at RT. The mixture obtianed is diluted with CH₂Cl₂ and extracted with 1N HCl, aqueous NaHCO₃ and H₂O. The organic phase obtained is dried, solvvent is evaporated and the evaporation residue is subjected to chromatography. 14-O-[tosyloxyacetyl]-2(S)-fluoro-mutilin is obtained.

IBB) 14-O—[(N-(3-Methyl-2(R)-amino-butyryl)-piperidine-3(S)-yl)-sulfanylacetyl]-2(S)-fluoro-mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride

is obtained starting from 14-O-[tosyloxyacetyl]-2(S)-fluoro-mutilin analogously to the method of Example IAB). Characterisation data see TABLE 1, Example 12.

Example I-C 14-O-[(3-Guanidino-phenylsulfanyl)-acetyl]mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride ICA) 14-O-[(3-Amino-phenylsulfanyl)-acetyl]-mutilin

A solution of 0.92 g of sodium and 5 g of 3-amino-thiophenol in 100 ml of dry EtOH is added to a solution of 21.3 g of 22-O-tosyl-pleuromutilin (see e.g. H.Egger et al., J.Antibiotics 29, 923 (1976)) in 250 ml of ethylmethylketone at 25° under careful temperature control. The mixture obtained is kept for 15 hours at 25°, filtered and the filtrate obtained is concentrated under reduced pressure and subjected to chromatography. 14-O-[(3-Amino-phenylsulfanyl)-acetyl]-mutilin is obtained. ¹H-NMR(CDCl₃): 0.58(d, 3H, H₁₆, J=7.2 Hz), 0.81 (d, 3H, H₁₇, J=7.3 Hz),1.02 (s, 3H, H₁₈), 1.32 (s, 3H, H₁₅), ABX-system(ν_(A)=1.2, ν_(B)=1.88, H_(13a), H_(13b), J=16.1 Hz, J=9.1 Hz), 2.08(d,1H, H₄, J=2.1 Hz), ABXY-system(ν_(A)=2.23, V_(B)=2.19, H_(2a), H_(2b), J=16.2 Hz, J=9.1 Hz, J=1.8 Hz), 2.3(m,1H,H₁₀), 3.4 (d,1H,H₁₁, J=5.98 Hz), AB-system (ν_(A)=3.81, ν_(B)=3.89, 2H, H₂₂, J=14.1 Hz), 5.18(dd,1H, H_(20a), J=17.5 Hz, J=1.6 Hz), 5.29(dd,1H, H_(20b), J=11 Hz, J=1.6 Hz),5.51 (d,1H, H₁₄, J=8.3 Hz), 6.05 (dd,1H,H₁₉, J=11 Hz, J=17.5 Hz), 7.0 (m,1H, arom.H), 7.18 (m2H, arom.H), 7.3 t,1H, arom.H₅, J=8 Hz).

ICB) 14-O-[(3-Guanidino-phenylsulfanyl)-acetyl]mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride

A solution of 2.4 g of 14-O-[(3-amino-phenylsulfanyl)-acetyl]mutilin, 1.5 g of cyanamide and 0.44 ml of HCl conc. in 20 ml of dioxane is stirred at room temperature for 28 hours. 14-O-[(3-Guanidino-phenylsulfanyl)-acetyl]mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride in crystalline form is obtained. Characterisation data see in TABLES above.

Exmple I-D 14-O-[(3R*-Hydroxypiperidin-4-(R*)yl)-sulfanyl-acetyl]mutilin and 14-O-[(3S*-Hydroxypiperidin-4-(S*)yl)-sulfanyl-acetyl]mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride (diastereoisomeric mixture)

1.06 g of pleuromutilin-22-O-tosylate dissolved in 1 ml of 2-butanone are slowly added to a solution of 466 mg of N—BOC-3-hydroxy-piperidin-4-thiol and 224 mg of potassium-tert. butylate in 20 ml of THF, the mixture obtained is stirred for 2 hours, the mixture obtained is distributed between brine and EtAc, extracted with 0.1N HCl, and the phases obtained are spearated. The organic phase obtained is dried,and the evaporation residue obtained is subjected to chromatography. A mixture of 14-O-[(3R*-Hydroxypiperidin-4-(R*)yl)-sulfanyl-acetyl]mutilin and 14-O-[(3S*-Hydroxypiperidin-4-(S*)yl)-sulfanyl-acetyl]mutilin is obtained which is treated with etheric HCl to obtain the corresponding hydrochloride. Characterisation data see in TABLE 5, Example 42.

Example I-E 2,2,4-Trideutero-14-O-[((3-(S*)-hydroxy-piperidine-4-(S*)-yl)sulfanyl)-acetyl]mutilin in the form of a deuterochloride

A solution of 300 mg of the compound obtained in Example ID in 30 ml dioxane with 5 ml of DCl (20% in D₂O) is kept for 6 days at 25°. From the mixture obtained solvent is evaporated and the concentration resiue is subjected to lyophilization. 2,2,4-Trideutero-14-O-[((3-(S*)-hydroxy-piperidine-4-(S*)-yl)sulfanyl)-acetyl]mutilin in the form of a deuterochloride is obtained. Characterisation data see TABLE 5, Example 41.

Example I-F 14-O-[3-(R*)-((N—BOC—(R)-Valyl-amino-cyclohexan-1-(R*)-yl)sulfanyl)-acetyl]mutilin (a) 14-O-[3-(S*)-((N—BOC—(R)-Valyl-amino-cyclohexan-1-(S*)-yl)sulfanyl)-acetyl]mutilin (b) 14-O-[3-(S*)-((N—BOC—(R)-Valyl-amino-cyclohexan-1-(R*)-yl)sulfanyl)-acetyl]mutilin (c) 14-O-[3-(R*)-((N—BOC—(R)-Valyl-amino-cyclohexan-1-(S*)-yl)sulfanyl)-acetyl]mutilin (d)

2.66 g of pleuromutilin-22-O-tosylate dissolved in 10 ml THF are slowly added to a solution of 1.65 g of 3-(N—BOC—(R)-valyl-amino)-cyclohexane-(R/S)-thiol and 560 mg of potassium-tert. butylate in 25 ml of THF, the mixture obtained is stirred for 2 hours and distributed between brine and EtAc. The mixture obtained is extracted with 0.1N HCl , the organic phase obtained is dried, solvent is evaporated and the evaporation residue obtained is subjected to chromatography. Pure

-   -   (a)         14-O-[3-(R*)-((N—BOC—(R)-Valyl-amino-cyclohexan-1-(R*)-yl)sulfanyl)-acetyl]mutilin     -   (b)         14-O-[3-(S*)-((N—BOC—(R)-Valyl-amino-cyclohexan-1-(S*)-yl)sulfanyl)-acetyl]mutilin     -   (c)         14-O-[3-(S*)-((N—BOC—(R)-Valyl-amino-cyclohexan-1-(R*)-yl)sulfanyl)-acetyl]mutilin,         and     -   (d)         14-O-[3-(R*)-((N—BOC—(R)-Valyl-amino-cyclohexan-1-(S*)-yl)sulfanyl)-acetyl]mutilin         is obtained. ¹H-NMR(d₆-DMSO):     -   (a): 6.5(d,1H,NH,J=8.1 Hz), 6.15, 5.1 (2×m,H₁₉,H₂₀,H₂₁),         5.52(d,1H,J=5.2 Hz,H₁₄), 3.4(m, 1H, H₁₁,), 3.55 (m,1H,CHN), 3.7         (m,α-valyl), 3.2 (m,2H,H₂₂), 2.7 (m,1H,SCH), 1.4 (s,9H,         tert.butyl), 1.18,1.45(2×s,(CH3)₁₅,(CH3)₁₈), 0.75,0.88         (2×d,(CH₃)₁₆,(CH₃)₁₇, J=5.4 Hz).     -   (b): 6.15, 5.1 (2×m,H₁₉,H₂₀,H₂₁), 5.52(d,1H,J=5.2 Hz,H₁₄),         3.4(m,1H,H₁₁,), 3.55 (m,1H,CHN), 3.70 (m,α-valyl), 3.2         (m,2H,H₂₂), 2.7 (m,1H,SCH), 1.4 (s,9H,tert.butyl),         1.18,1.45(2×s, (CH3)₁₅,(CH3)₁₈), 0.75,0.88         (2×d,(CH₃)₁₆,(CH₃)₁₇,J=5.4 Hz).     -   (c): 6.15, 5.1 (2×m,H₁₉,H₂₀,H₂₁), 5.52(d,1H,J=5.2 Hz,H₁₄),         3.4(m,1H,H₁₁,), 3.9 (m,1H,CHN), 3.75 (m,α-valyl), 3.2         (m,2H,H₂₂), 3.15 (m,1H,SCH), 1.4 (s,9H,tert.butyl),         1.18,1.45(2×s, (CH3)₁₅,(CH3)₁₈), 0.75,0.88         (2×d,(CH₃)₁₆,(CH₃)₁₇,J=5.4 Hz).     -   (d): 6.15, 5.1 (2×m,H₁₉,H₂₀,H₂₁), 5.52(d,1H,J=5.2 Hz,H₁₄),         3.4(m,1H,H₁₁,), 3.9 (m, 1H,CHN), 3.70 (m,α-valyl), 3.2         (m,2H,H₂₂), 3.15 (m,1H,SCH), 1.4 (s,9H,tert.butyl),         1.18,1.45(2×s, (CH3)₁₅,(CH3)₁₈), 0.75,0.88         (2×d,(CH₃)₁₆,(CH₃)₁₇,J=5.4 Hz).

Example I-G 14-O-[3-(R*)-((R)-Valyl-amino-cyclohexan-1-(R*)-yl)-sulfanyl)-acetyl]-mutilin and 14-O-[3-(S*)-((R)-Valyl-amino-cyclohexan-1-(S*)-yl)-sulfanyl)-acetyl]-mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride (mixture of trans-diastereoisomers)

620 mg of a 1:1 mixture of 14-O-[3-(R*)-((N—BOC—(R)-valyl-amino-cyclohexan-1-(R*)-yl)sulfanyl)-acetyl]mutilin and 14-O-[3-(S*)-((N—BOC—(R)-valyl-amino-cyclohexan-1-(S*)-yl sulfanyl)-acetyl]mutilin are dissolved in a mixture of 10 ml of dry etheric HCl and 10 ml of CH₂Cl₂. The mixture is stirred for 5 hours and a mixture of trans-diastereoisomers of 14-O-[3-(R*)-((R)-valyl-amino-cyclohexan-1-(R*)-yl)-sulfanyl)-acetyl]-mutilin of 14-O-[3-(S*)-((R)-valyl-amino-cyclohexan-1-(S*)-yl)-sulfanyl)-acetyl]-mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride is obtained and isolated. ¹H-NMR(d₆-DMSO,): Rotamer. 8.4 (m,1H,C═ONH), 8.15 (b,3H,NH₃ ⁺), 6.15, 5.1 (2×m,H₁₉,H₂₀,H₂₁), 5.52(d,1H,J=5.2 Hz,H₁₄), 3.95 (m1H, CHNH₃ ⁺,3.4(m,1H,H₁₁,), 3.55 (m,α-valyl), 3.2-3.3 (m,2H,H₂₂), 3.18 (m,1H,SCH), 1.18,1.45(2×s,(CH3)₁₅,(CH3)₁₈), 0.9 (m,6H,CH(CH₃)₂), 0.75,0.88 (2×d,(CH₃)₁₆,(CH₃)₁₇,J=5.4 Hz)

Example I-H 14-O-[3-(R*)-((R)-Valyl-amino-cyclohexan-1-(S*)-yl)-sulfanyl)-acetyl]-mutilin and 14-O-[3-(S*)-((R)-Valyl-amino-cyclohexan-1-(R*)-yl)-sulfanyl)-acetyl]-mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride (mixture of cis-diastereoisomers)

is obtained analagosouly to the method of Example I-G, but using a 1:1 mixture of 14-O-[3-(R*)-((N—BOC—(R)-valyl-amino-cyclohexan-1-(S*)-yl)sulfanyl)-acetyl]mutilin and 14-O-[3-(S*)-((N—BOC—(R)-valyl-amino-cyclohexan-1-(R*)-yl sulfanyl)-acetyl]mutilin as a starting material.

¹H-NMR(d₆-DMSO): Rotamers. 8.52 (m,1H,C═ONH), 8.2 (b,3H,NH₃ ⁺), 6.15, 5.1 (2×m,H₁₉, H₂₀,H₂₁), 5.52(d,1H,J=5.2 Hz,H₁₄), 3.58 (m1H, CHNH₃ ⁺, 3.4(m,1H,H₁₁,), 3.48 (m,α-valyl), 3.2-3.3 (m,2H,H₂₂), 2.75 (m,1H,SCH), 1.18,1.45(2×s,(CH3)₁₅,(CH3)₁₈), 0.9 (m,6H,CH(CH₃)₂), 0.75,0.88 (2×d,(CH₃)₁₆,(CH₃)₁₇,J=5.4 Hz)

Example I-I 14-O-[((N—(R)-Valyl-azepan-4-(R/S)-yl)-sulfanyl acetyl)]-mutilin In the form of a hydrochloride I-IA) 4-(R/S)-(2,4,6-Trimethyl-benzyl-sulfanyl)-azepan-2-one

A solution of 828 mg of 3-(R/S)-(2,4,6-trimethyl-benzyl-sulfanyl)-cyclohexanone-oxime and 570 mg of toluenesulfonylchloride in 5 ml of pyridine is stirred at RT for 4 hours and additional 2 hours at 60°. The mixture obtained is distributed between diluted sulfuric acid (2 ml H₂SO₄ conc. in 15 ml H₂O) and CH₂Cl₂, the organic phase obtained is dried, solvent is evaporated and the evaporation residue is subjected to chromatography. 4-(R/S)-(2,4,6-Trimethyl-benzyl-sulfanyl)-azepan-2-one is obtained. ¹H-NMR(d-6-DMSO): 7.5 (m,1H,NHCO), 6.8 (s,2H,arom.H), 3.75 (s,2H,C₆H₅CH₂S—),3.2 (m, 1H,CHN), 3.1(m,3H, CH₂NH,CHS)AB-system: v_(A)=2.72,v_(B)=2.65(2H,CH2C═O, J=13.4 Hz, J=4.5 Hz) 2.13 2.15,2.3(9H, 3×CH₃)

I-IB) 4-(R/S)-(2,4,6-Trimethyl-benzyl-sulfanyl)-azepane 3.3 g of 4-(R/S)-(2,4,6-trimethyl-benzyl-sulfanyl)-azepan-2-one are added to a mixture of 15 ml of a 1M-solution of LiAlH₃ and 50 ml THF are added. The mixture obtained is heated for 1 hour at 80°, poured into 200 ml of a 20% aqueous NH₄Cl-solution and the mixture obtained is extracted with EtAc. The organic phase obtained is dried and solvent is evaporated. 4-(R/S)-(2,4,6-Trimethyl-benzyl-sulfanyl)-azepane is obtained. I-IC) N—BOC-(4-(R/S)-(2,4,6-Trimethyl-benzyl-sulfanyl))-azepane

A solution of 2.63 g of 4-(R/S)-(2,4,6-trimethyl-benzyl-sulfanyl)-azepane, 2.18 g of BOC-anhydride and 1 g of triethylamine in 100 ml of THF is stirred at 25° for 12 hours and from the mixture obtained solvent is evaporated. The evaporation residue obtained is distributed between CH₂Cl₂ and 1M HCl. Solvent from the organic phase obtained is evaporated and the evaporation residue is subjected to chromatography. N—BOC-(4-(R/S)-(2,4,6-trimethyl-benzyl-sulfanyl))-azepane is obtained. ¹H-NMR(d₆-DMSO): 6.8 (s,2H,arom.H), 3.75 (s,2H,C₆H₅CH₂S—),3.2-3.5(m,4H,CH₂NHCH₂), 2.9(m,1H,CHS), 2.13 2.15,2.3(9H, 3×CH₃)

I-IC) N—BOC-4-(R/S)-Azepan-thiol

is obtained analogously to the method of Example II-D, but using appropriate starting materials.

I-ID) 14-O—[((N—BOC-Azepan-4-(R/S)-yl)-sulfanyl acetyl)]-mutilin

A solution of 1.06 g of pleuromutilin-22-O-tosylate dissolved in 10 ml THF is slowly added to a solution of 420 mg of N—BOC-(4-(R/S)-azepane-thiol and 220 mg of potassium-tert.butylate in 25 ml of THF and the mixture obtained is stirred for 2 hours. The mixture obtained is distributed between brine and EtAc, the mixture obtained is extracted with 0.1N HCl , the organic phase obtained is dried, solvent is evaporated and the evaporation residue obtained is subjected to chromatography. 14-O—[((N—BOC-azepan-4-(R/S)-yl)-sulfanyl acetyl)-mutilin is obtained. ¹H-NMR(d₆-DMSO): 6.15, 5.1 (2×m,H₁₉,H₂₀,H₂₁), 5.52(d,1H,J=5.2 Hz,H₁₄), 4.52 (d,1H,OH,J=6.2 Hz)3.4(t,1H,H₁₁,J=6.2 Hz), 3.1-3.4 (m,6H,H_(22,)CH₂NCH₂), 2.9 (m,1H,SCH), 1.4 (s,9H,tert.butyl), 1.18,1.45(2×s,(CH3)₁₅,(CH3)₁₈), 0.75,0.88 (2×d,(CH₃)₁₆,(CH₃)₁₇,J=5.4 Hz)

I-IE) 14-O-[((Azepan-4-(R/S)-yl)-sulfanyl acetyl)]-mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride

400 mg of 14-O—[((N—BOC-azepan-4-(R/S)-yl)-sulfanyl-acetyl)-mutilin are dissolved in a mixture of 10 ml of dry etheric HCl and 10 ml of CH₂Cl₂. The mixture obtained is stirred for 5 hours and 14-O-[((azepan-4-(R/S)-yl)-sulfanyl acetyl)]-mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride is isolated. Characterisation data see TABLE 1, Example 14.

I-IF) 14-O-[((N—(R)-Valyl-azepan-4-(R/S)-yl)-sulfanyl acetyl)]-mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride

A mixture of 245 mg 14-O-[((azepan-4-(R/S)-yl)-sulfanyl acetyl)]-mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride, 110 mg of BOC—R-valin, 95 mg of EDC and 100 mg of triethylamine in 10 ml THF is stirred at RT for 2 hours. The mixture obtained is distributed between brine and EtAc, the organic phase obtained is dried, solvent is evaporated and the evaporation residue obtained is subjected to chromatography.

14-O—[((N—BOC—(R)-Valyl-azepan-4-(R/S)-yl)-sulfanyl acetyl)]-mutilin-hydrochloride is obtained. The BOC-protecting group is cleaved by treatment with 5 ml of etheric HCl and 14-O—[((N—(R)-Valyl-azepan-4-(R/S)-yl)-sulfanyl acetyl)]-mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride is obtained. Characterisation data see TABLE 1, Example 15.

Example I-J 14-O-[((Azepan-2-one-4-(R/S)-yl)-sulfanyl acetyl)]-mutilin

is obtained analagously to the method of Example IAB), starting from 4-(R/S)-mercapto-azepan-2-one. Characterisation data see TABLE 5, Example 43.

Example I-K 14-O-{[(3-Oxo-cyclopentan-(R/S)-yl)-sulfanyl]-acetyl}-mutilin

A solution of 3.95 g of 14-mercapto-acetyl-mutilin in 5 ml of pyridine is treated with 0.81 g of cyclopent-2-enone and a catalytical amount of triethylamine. The mixture obtained is stirred for 3 hours at room temperature, diluted with EtAc and extracted with 1N HCl and H₂O. The organic phase obtained is dried, solvent is evaporated and the evaporation residue obtained is subjected to chromatography. 14-O-{[(3-oxo-cyclopentan-(R/S)-yl)-sulfanyl]-acetyl}-mutilin is obtained. Characterisation data see in TABLE 5, Example 44.

Example I-L 14-O-{[(3-Hydroxyimino-cyclopentan-(R/S)-yl)-sulfanyl]-acetyl}-mutilin (syn and anti forms)

3.88 g of 14-O-{[(3-oxo-cyclopentan-(R/S)-yl)-sulfanyl]-acetyl}-mutilin are stirred overnight with 566 mg of hydroxylamine hydrochloride and 1.13 ml of triethylamine in 40 ml of DMF. From the mixture obtained solvent is distilled off, the distillation residue obtained is taken up in EtAc and the mixture obtained is extracted with 0.1N HCl and brine. The organic phase obtained is dried and solvent is evaporated. A mixture of 14-O-{[(3-hydroxyimino-cyclo-pentan-(R/S)-yl)-sulfanyl]-acetyl}-mutilin in the syn*- and in the anti*-form is obtained which mixture is either separated by chromatography to obtain the pure syn- and the pure anti-forms, or is used in the form of the mixture obtained in further reaction steps. Characterisation data see TABLE 3, Example 24.

Example I-M 14-O-{[(3-(2-Diethylamino-ethoxyimino)-cyclopentan-(R/S)-yl)-sulfanyl]-acetyl}-mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride

200 mg of 14-O-{[(3-hydroxyimino-cyclopentan-(R/S)-yl)-sulfanyl]-acetyl}-mutilin and 70 mg of diethylaminoethylchloride hydrochloride are stirred in 5 ml of CH₂Cl₂, 90 mg of potassium tert butoxide are added and stirring is continued for 2 days at RT. From the mixture obtained solvent is evaporated, the evaporation residue is subjected to chromatography, the relevant chromatographic fractions obtained are distributed between Et₂O and 0.1N HCl and the aqueous layer is lyophilized. 14-O-{[(3-(2-diethylamino-ethoxyimino)-cyclopent-(R/S)-yl)-sulfanyl]-acetyl}-mutilin hydrochloride (syn/anti mixture)is obtained. Characterisation data see TABLE 3, Example 26.

Example I-N 14-O-[(2-(R*)-((R)-Valyl)-amino-cyclohexan-1-(R*)-yl)-sulfanyl acetyl)]-mutilin-hydrochloride I-NA) 14-O-[((2-(R*)-Aminocyclohexan-1-(R*)-yl)-sulfanyl acetyl)]-mutilin

1.06 g of pleuromutilin-22-O-tosylate dissolved in 5 ml of THF are slowly added to a solution of 334 mg of 2-(R*)-aminocyclohexan-(R*)-thiol in the form of a hydrochloride (see e.g. G.Kavadias and R.Droghini, Can.J.Chem. 1978,56, 2743)and 92 mg sodium in 50 ml of EtOH, the mixture obtained is stirred for 2 hours, distributed between brine and EtAc, extracted with 0.1N HCl and dried. From the mixture obtained solvent is evaporated and the evaporation residue is subjected to chromatography. 14-O-[((2-(R*)-aminocyclohexan-1-(R*)-yl)-sulfanyl acetyl)]-mutilin is obtained. ¹H-NMR(d₆-DMSO): 6.15, 5.1 (2×m,H₁₉,H₂₀,H₂₁), 5.52(d,1H,J=5.2 Hz,H₁₄), 2.45(m,1H,CHNH), 3.21 (s,2H,H₂₂), 3.4(d,1H, H₁₁,J=5 Hz), 2.55(m,1H,CHS), 1.18,1.45 (2×s,(CH3)₁₅,(CH3)₁₈), 0.9 (m,6H,CH(CH₃)₂), 0.75,0.88 (2×d,(CH₃)₁₆,(CH₃)₁₇,J=5.4 Hz).

I-NB) 14-O-[(2-(R*)-((R)-Valyl)-amino-cyclohexan-1-(R*)-yl)-sulfanyl acetyl)]-mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride

A mixture of 245 mg of 14-O-[((2-(R*)-aminocyclohexan-1-(R*)-yl)-sulfanyl acetyl)]-mutilin, 110 mg of BOC—(R)-valin, 95 mg of EDC and 68 mg of HOBT in 10 ml of THF is stirred at RT for 2 hours. The mixture obtained is distributed between brine and EtAc, the organic phase obtained is dried, solvent is evaporated and the evaporation resiude is subjected to chromatography. 14-O-[((2-(R*)-(N—BOC—(R)-Valyl)-amino-cylohexan-1-(R*)-yl)-sulfanyl acetyl)]-mutilin is obtained. The BOC-protecting group is cleaved by treatment with 5 ml of etheric HCl and 14-O-[(2-(R*)-((R)-valyl)-amino-cyclohexan-1-(R*)-yl)-sulfanyl acetyl)]-mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride is obtained. ¹H-NMR(d₆-DMSO): Diastereoisomers):8.45(m, 1H, NHC═O),8.1(b,3H,NH₃ ⁺), 6.15, 5;1 (2×m,H₁₉,H₂₀,H₂₁), 5.52(d,1H,J=5.2 Hz,H₁₄), 3.55 (m,1H, a-H-valyl),3.60(m,1H,CHNH), 3.26-3.35 (m,2H,H₂₂),3.4(m,1H, H₁₁), 4.5 (d,1H,OH, J=6.2 Hz), 2.6,2.75(2×m,1H,CHS), 1.25 (b,3H,CH₃CS), 1.18,1.45(2×s,(CH3)₁₅,(CH3)₁₈), 0.9 (m,6H,CH(CH₃)₂), 0.75,0.88 (2×d,(CH₃)₁₆,(CH₃)₁₇,J=5.4 Hz)

Example I-O 44-O-{[(3S,3aS,6S,6aR)-6-Amino-hexahydro-furo[3,2-b]furan-3-ylsulfanyl]-acetyl}-mutilin hydrochloride I-OA) Toluene-4-sulfonic acid (3R,3aS,6R,6aR)-6-hydroxy-hexahydro-furo[3,2-b]furan-3-yl ester

A solution of 5 g of (3R,3aS,6R,6aR)-hexahydro-furo[3,2-b]furan-3,6-diol in 50 ml of pyridine is stirred for 16 h with 7.8 g of toluenesulfonylchloride. From the mixture obtained solvent is distilled off and the distillation residue obtained is dissolved in EtAc and extracted with 1N HCl, saturated aqueous NaHCO₃-solution and H₂O. The organic layer obtained is dried, solvent is evaporated and the evaporation residue is subjected to chromatography. Toluene-4-sulfonic acid (3R,3aS,6R,6aR)-6-hydroxy-hexahydro-furo[3,2-b]furan-3-yl ester is obtained. ¹HNMR(DMSO-d₆): 7.8 (d,2H,Ar—H,J=8.6 Hz), 7.5 (d,2H,Ar—H,J=8.6 Hz), 4.8-4.9 (m,2H,H-3, 6-OH), 4.4 (dd,1H,H-3a,J=4.7 and 5.0 Hz), 4.2 (dd,1H,H-6a,J=4.7 and 4.8 Hz), 3.9-4.0 (m,1H,H-6), 3.7-3.8 (m,2H,H-2 and H-5), 3.6 (d,1H,H-2,J=9.3 and 7.1 Hz),3.2-3.4(m,1H,H-5), 2.4 (s, 3H, Ar—CH₃).

I-OB) (3R,3aR,6S,6aR)-6-Azido-hexahydro-furo[3.2-b]furan-3-ol

A solution of 2.5 g of toluene-4-sulfonic acid (3R,3aS,6R,6aR)-6-hydroxy-hexahydro-furo[3,2-b]furan-3-yl ester in 30 ml of DMF is heated with 0.8 g of sodium azide under reflux for 2 hours, solvent is distilled off and the distillation residue obtained is dissolved in EtAc and extracted with H₂O. The organic phase obtained is dried and solvent is evaporated. (3R,3aR,6S,6aR)-6-azido-hexahydro-furo[3,2-b]furan-3-ol is obtained.

I-OC) {(3S,3aR,6R,6aR)-6-Hydroxy-hexahydro-furo[3.2-b]furan-3-yl}-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester

To a solution of 1.5 g of (3R,3aR,6S,6aR)-6-azido-hexahydro-furo[3,2-b]furan-3-ol in 25 ml of dioxane 75 mg of palladium on charcoal (10%) are added and the mixture obtained is subjected to hydrogenation. The mixture obtained is filtered and stirred overnight with 3.2 ml of ethyidiisopropylamine and 4.1 g of (BOC)₂O. From the mixture obtained solvent is evaporated. The evaporation residue obtained is dissolved in EtAc and extracted with saturated aqueous sodium NaHCO₃-solution, 1N HCl and brine. The organic phase obtained is dried, solvent is evaporated and the evaporation residue obtained is subjected to chromatography. {(3S,3aR,6R,6aR)-6-hydroxy-hexahydro-furo[3,2-b]furan-3-yl}-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester is obtained. ¹HNMR(DMSO-d₆): 7.1 (bs,1H,NH), 4.8 (d,1H,6-OH,J=10 Hz), 4.3 (dd,1H,H-6a,J=4.6 and 4.3 Hz), 4.27 (d,1H,H-3a,J=4.3 Hz), 4.0-4.1 (m,1H,H-6), 3.2-3.85 (m,5H,2×H-2, H-3, 2×H-5), 1.4 (s,9H,tert.butyl).

I-OD) Toluene-4-sulfonic acid (3R,3aS,6S,6aR)-6-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-hexahydro-furo[3.2-b]furan-3-yl ester

A solution of 700 mg of {(3S,3aR,6R,6aR)-6-hydroxy-hexahydro-furo[3,2-b]furan-3-yl}-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester in 10 ml of pyridine is stirred for 16 hours with 785 mg of toluolsulfonylchloride, solvent is distilled off and the distillation residue is dissolved in EtAc and extracted with 1N HCl, saturated aqueous NaHCO₃-solution and H₂O. The organic layer obtained is dried and solvent is evaporated. Toluene-4-sulfonic acid (3R,3aS,6S,6aR)-6-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-hexahydro-furo[3,2-b]furan-3-yl ester is obtained.

I-OE) 14-O-{[(3S,3aS,6S,6aR)-6-tert-Butoxycarbonylamino-hexahydro-furo[3.2-b]furan-3-ylsulfanyl]-acetyl}-mutilin

267 mg of potassium tert.butoxide are added to a solution of 950 mg of toluene-4-sulfonic acid (3R,3aS,6S,6aR)-6-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-hexahydro-furo[3,2-b]furan-3-yl ester and 1032 mg of 14-mercapto-acetyl-mutilin in 20 ml of DMSO. The mixture obtained is stirred at 70° for 1 hour and distributed between EtAc and brine. The organic phase obtained is washed with H₂O, dried and solvent is evaporated. The evaporation residue obtained is subjected to chromatography. 14-O-{[(3S,3aS,6S,6aR)-6-tert-butoxycarbonyl-amino-hexahydro-furo[3,2-b]furan-3-ylsulfanyl]-acetyl}-mutilin is obtained. ¹HNMR(DMSO-d₆): 7.1 (bs,1H,NH), 6.1, 5.05, 5.0 (3×m,H₁₉,H₂₀,H₂₁), 5.55 (d,1H,H₁₄, J=8.2 Hz), 4.5 (m,2H,H₁₁—OH,H-3a′), 4.4 (d, 1H, H-6a′, J=4 Hz), 3.3-4.0 (m,9H,H-2′,H-3′,H-5′,H-6′,H₁₁,H₂₂), 1.36 (s,9H,tert-butyl), 1.34, 1.05 (2×s, (CH₃)₁₅, (CH₃)₁₈), 0.8, 0.62 (2×d (CH₃)₁₆, (CH₃)₁₇,J=6.8 Hz).

I-OF) 14-O-{[(3S,3aS,46S,6aR)-6-Amino-hexahydro-furo[3,2-b]furan-3-ylsulfanyl]-acetyl}-mutilin

950 mg of 14-O-{[(3S,3aS,6S,6aR)-6-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-hexahydro-furo[3,2-b]furan-3-ylsulfanyl]-acetyl}-mutilin are dissolved in 20 ml of CH₂Cl₂ and the mixture obtained is stirred for 2 hours with 3 ml of TFA. The mixture obtained is diluted with EtAc and extracted with saturated aqueous NaHCO₃-solution. The organic phase obtained is dried and solvent is evaporated. 14-O-{[(3S,3aS,6S,6aR)-6-amino-hexahydro-furo[3,2-b]furan-3-ylsulfanyl]-acetyl}-mutilin is obtained.

I-OG) 14-O-{[(3S,3aS,6S,6aR)-6-Amino-hexahydro-furo3,2-b]furan-3-ylsulfany]-acetyl}-mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride

180 mg of 14-O-{[(3S,3aS,6S,6aR)-6-amino-hexahydro-furo[3,2-b]furan-3-ylsulfanyl]-acetyl}-mutilin are distributed between diethylether and 0.1N HCl. The aqueous layer obtained is lyophilized. 14-O-{[(3S,3aS,6S,6aR)-6-Amino-hexahydro-furo[3,2-b]furan-3-ylsulfanyl]-acetyl}-mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride is obtained. Characterisation data see in TABLE 4, Example 36a above.

Example I-P 14-O-{[(3S,3aS,6S,6aR)-6-((R)-Amino-3-methyl-butyrylamino)-hexahydro-furo[3,2-b]furan-3-ylsulfanyl]-acetyl}-mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride

A solution of 400 mg of 14-O-{[(3S,3aS,6S,6aR)-6-amino-hexahydro-furo[3,2-b]furan-3-ylsulfanyl]-acetyl}-mutilin in 20 ml of CH₂Cl₂ is treated with 128 mg of N—Boc-(R)-valine, 147 mg of EDC, 104 mg of HOBT and the mixture obtained is stirred overnight at RT. The mixture obtained is diluted with CH₂Cl₂, extracted with H₂O, dried and solvent is evaporated. The evaporation residue obtained is subjected to chromatography on silica gel, relevant chromatographic fractions obtained are treated again with TFA in CH₂Cl₂, solvent is evaporated, the evaporation residue obtained is distributed between Et₂O and 0.1N HCl and the aqueous layer obtained is lyophilized. 14-O-{[(3S,3aS,6S,6aR)-6-((R)-2-amino-3-methyl-butyrylamino)-hexahydro-furo[3,2-b]furan-3-ylsulfanyl]-acetyl}-mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride is obtained. Characterisation data see in TABLE 5, Example 38a.

Example I-Q 14-O-[((3-(R/S)-Amino-cyclohexan-1-(R/S)-yl)-sulfanyl acetyl)]-mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride

10.6 g of pleuromutilin-22-O-tosylate dissolved in 10 ml of THF are slowly added to a solution of 5.2 g of N—BOC-3-(R/S)-mercapto-cyclohexylamin and 2.74 g of potassium-tert.butylate in 250 ml of THF. The mixture obtained is stirred for 2 hours, distributed between brine and EtAc, and extracted with 0.1N HCl. The organic phase obtained is dried, solvent is evaporated and the evaporation residue obtained is subjected o chromatography. 14-O-[((N—BOC-3(R/S)-amino-cyclohexan-1-(R/S)-yl)-sulfanyl acetyl)]-mutilin is obtained and is converted into 14-O-[((3-(R/S)-Amino-cyclohexan-1-(R/S)-yl)-sulfanyl acetyl)]-mutilin in the form of a hydrochloride by treatment with etheric HCl.

¹H-NMR(d₆-DMSO): 8.0 (b,3H,NH₃ ⁺), 6.15, 5.1 (2×m,H₁₉,H₂₀,H₂₁), 5.52(d,1H,J=5.2 Hz,H₁₄), 3.4(m,1H,H₁₁,), 3.3 (m,2H,H₂₂), 2.9 (m,1H,NCH), 2.7(m,1H,CHS), 1.18,1.45 (2×s,(CH3)₁₅, (CH3)₁₈), 0.75,0.88 (2×d,(CH₃)₁₆,(CH₃)₁₇,J=5.4 Hz)

II. Preparation of Intermediates (Starting Materials) for the Preparation of a (SPECIAL) Pleuromutilin of the Present Invention Example II-A 14-Mercapto-acetyl-mutilin II-M) 14-O-[(Carbamimidoylsulfanyl)acetyl]mutilin-tosylate

A solution of 15.2 g of thiourea and 106.4 g of pleuromutilin-22-O-tosylate in 250 ml of acetone is heated under reflux for 1.5 hours, solvent is removed and 100 ml of hexane are added. A precipitate forms, is filtrated off and dried.

14-O-[(carbamimidoylsulfanyl)acetyl]mutilin-tosylate is obtained.

II-AB) 14-Mercapto-acetyl-mutilin

A solution of 4.7 g of Na₂S₂O₅ in 25 ml of H₂O is added to a solution of 12.2 g of 14-O-[(carbamimidoylsulfanyl)acetyl]mutilin-tosylate in a mixture of 20 ml of EtOH and 35 ml of H₂O (warmed to ca. 90°). 100 ml of CCl₄ are added to the reaction mixture obtained and the mixture obtained is heated under reflux for ca. 2 hours. The two-phase system obtained is separated, the organic phase is dried and solvent is evaporated. 14-mercapto-acetyl-mutilin is obtained.

Example II-B N—BOC-3(R)-methylsulfonyloxy-piperidine II-BA) N—BOC-3(R)-Hydroxy-piperidine

A suspension of 3.48 g of 3-(R)-hydroxypiperidine, 8.72 g of di-tert.butyl-dicarbonat and 4 g of N-metyl-morpholine in 70 ml of dioxane is stirred for 18 hours at RT. From the mixture obtained solvent is evaporated and the evaporation residue obtained is dissolved in CH₂Cl₂ and extracted with 1N HCl. The organic phase obtained is dried and solvent is evaporated. N—BOC-3(R)-hydroxy-piperidine is obtained.

II-BB) N—BOC-3(R)-methylsulfonyloxy-piperidine

A solution of 5.08 g of N—BOC-3(R)-hydroxy-piperidine and 8.7 g of methanesulfonic acid anhydride in 100 ml pyridine is stirred at RT for 22 hours, pyridine is distilled off, the distillation residue is dissolved in CH₂Cl₂, the mixture obtained is extracted with 1N HCl, the organic phase obtained is dried, solvent is evaporated and the evaporation residue obtained is subjected to chromatography. N—BOC-3(R)-methylsulfonyloxy-piperidine is obtained.

¹H-NMR(CDCl₃): 4.7(m,1H,CHOSO₂CH₃), 3.2-3.6(m,4H,CHN), 3.0(s,3H,CH₃SO₂),1.4(m, 9H,tert.butyl).

Example II-C N—BOC-Piperidine-3(S)-thiol II-CA) N—BOC-3-(S)-Thioacetoxy-piperidine

A solution of 2.2 g of N—BOC-3-(R)-hydroxy-piperidine in 10 ml of THF is added under argon and 1 ml of thiolacetic acid to a solution of 3.4 g of triphenylphosphine and 2.65 ml of azadicarbonic acid-isopropylate in 10 ml of THF. The mixture obtained is kept for 18 hours at 70°, solvent is evaporated and the evaporation residue obtained is subjected to chromatography. N—BOC-3-(S)-thioacetoxy-piperidine is obtained. ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃): 3.78 (dd,1H,NCH₂CHS, J=3.1 Hz, J=13.3 Hz), 3.5-3.6 (m,2H, CHSC═O, NCH₂CH₂), 2.32(s,3H,SC═OCH₃),1.46(s,9H, tert.butyl)

II-CB) N—BOC-Piperidine-3(S)-thiol

To a solution of 259 mg of N—BOC-3-(S)-thioacetoxy-piperidine in 10 ml of MeOH a solution of 262 mg of NaSCH₃ in 5 ml of MeOH is added and the mixture obtained is stirred for 2 hours, solvent is evaporated and the evaporation residue obtained is distributed between EtAc and aqueous HCl. Solvent from the organic phase obtained is evaporated. N—BOC-piperidine-3(S)-thiol is obtained. ¹H-NMR(d₆-DMSO): 2.6 (d,1H,SH, J=7.2 Hz), 2.9-2.7 (m,3H, NCH₂,CHS), 1.35 (b,9H,tert.butyl). MS(ESI)457 (2M+Na).

Example II-D 3-(N—BOC—(R)-Valyl-amino)-cyclohexane-(R/S)-thiol II-DA) 3-(R/S)-(2,4,6-Trimethyl-benzyl-sulfanyl)-cyclohexanone

A solution of 3.32 g of 2,4,6-trimethyl-benzylmercaptane and 3.84 g of cyclohexen-3-one in 30 ml of pyridine is heated at 40° for 3 hours. The mixture obtained is poured into 200 ml of 1M HCl and the mixture obtained is extracted with CH₂Cl₂. The organic phase obtained is dried, solvent is evaporated and the evaporation residue is subjected to chromatography on silica gel. 3-(R/S)-(2,4,6-trimethyl-benzyl-sulfanyl)-cyclohexanone is obtained.

¹H-NMR(d₆-DMSO): 6.8 (s,2H,arom.H), 3.8 (s,2H,C₆H₅CH₂S—), 3.3 (m,1H,CHS), 3.18 (dd,1H, CHC═NOH, J=4 Hz,13.9 Hz), 2.65-2.8, 2.44-2.49(2×m,4H,CH₂C═OCH₂),2.15,2.3(9H,3×CH₃).

II-DB) 3-(R/S)-(2,4,6-Trimethyl-benzyl-sulfanyl)-cyclohexanone-oxime (syn and anti-forms)

A solution of 5.24 g of 3-(R/S)-(2,4,6-trimethyl-benzyl-sulfanyl)-cyclohexanone, 1.38 g of hydroxylamine in the form of a hydrochloride and 2 g of triethylamine in 50 ml of MeOH is stirred at 25° for 12 hours, the mixture obtained is poured into 200 ml of brine and the mixture obtained is extracted with CH₂Cl₂. The organic phase obtained is dried and solvent is evaporated. A mixture of the syn- and anti forms of 3-(R/S)-(2,4,6-trimethyl-benzyl-sulfanyl)-cyclohexanone-oxime is obtained which is subjected to chromatography. Pure syn- and pure anti-3-(R/S)-(2,4,6-trimethyl-benzyl-sulfanyl)-cyclohexanone-oxime is obtained.

¹H-NMR(d₆-DMSO) of the syn-form: 10.3 (s,1H,OH), 6.8 (s,2H,arom.H), 3.75 (s,2H, C₆H₅CH₂S—), 2.88 (m,1H,CHS), 3.18 (dd,1H,CHC═NOH, J=4 Hz,13.9 Hz), 2.13 (dd,1H, CHC═NOH, J=5.2 Hz,13.9 Hz), 2.15,2.3(9H, 3×CH₃).

¹H-NMR(d₆-DMSO) of the anti-form: 10.3 (s,1H,OH), 6.8 (s,2H,arom.H), 3.75 (s,2H, C₆H₅CH₂S—), 2.92(m,1H,CHS), 2.58 (dd,1H,CHC═NOH, J=4 Hz,13.9 Hz), 2.15 (dd,1H, CHC═NOH, J=4.2 Hz,13.6 Hz), 2.15,2.3(9H, 3×CH₃).

II-DC) 3-(R/S)-(2,4,6-trimethyl-benzyl-sulfanyl)-cyclohexyl-(R/S)-amine

2.7 g of 3-(R/S)-(2,4,6-Trimethyl-benzyl-sulfanyl)-cyclohexanone-oxime are added to a mixture of 20 ml of a 1M-solution of LiAlH₃ and 15 ml of dioxane, the mixture obtained is heated for 1 hour at 80° and the mixture obtained is poured into 200 ml of a 20% aqueous NH₄Cl-solution. The mixture obtained is extracted with EtAc, the organic phase obtained is dried and solvent is evaporated. 3-(R/S)-(2,4,6-trimethyl-benzyl-sulfanyl)-cyclohexyl-(R/S)-amine is obtained.

II-DC) 3-(N—BOC—(R)-Valyl-amino)-cyclohexan-1-(R/S)-yl-sulfanylmethyl-(2,4,6-trimethyl-benzol)

A mixture of 1.05 g of 3-(R/S)-(2,4,6-trimethyl-benzyl-sulfanyl)-cyclohexyl-(R/S)-amine, 870 mg of BOC—R-valine, 760 mg of EDC and 404 mg of triethylamine in 20 ml THF is stirred at RT for 2 hours. The mixture obtained is distributed between brine and EtAc, the organic phase obtained is dried, solvent is evaporated and the evaporation residue is subjected to chromatography. 3-(N—BOC—(R)-valyl-amino)-cyclohexan-1-(R/S)-yl-sulfanylmethyl-(2,4,6-trimethyl-benzol) is obtained. ¹H-NMR(d₆-DMSO): Rotamers, 7.78, 7.3, 6.52 (3×d,2H,NH), J=7.9 Hz), 6.8, 6.82 (2×s,2H, arom.H), 6.55 (m,1H,NHC═O),3.7 (m,1H,a-H-valyl), 3.6 (m,1H,NHCH), 2.75, 3.0 (2×m,1H, CHS), 1.39(s,9H,tert.butyl)

II-DD) 3-(N—BOC—(R)-Valyl-amino)-cyclohexane-(R/S)-thiol

10 ml ammonia are condensed at −70° within a solution of 600 mg of 3-(N—BOC—(R)-valyl-amino)-cyclohexan-1-(R/S)-yl-sulfanylmethyl-2,4,6-trimethyl-benzol in 15 ml of THF and sodium is added in portions until the solution remains deep blue. Solid NH₄Cl is added to the mixture obtained and the mixture obtained is allowed to warm up to RT, is flushed with nitrogen, the solid residue obtained is filtered off, the filtrate obtained is concentrated and subjected to chromatography on silica gel. 3-(N—BOC—(R)-Valyl-amino)-cyclohexane-(R/S)-thiol is obtained. ¹H-NMR(d₆-DMSO): Rotamer, 7.75 (m,1H,NHCHC═O), 6.55 (m,1H,NHC═O),2.75 (m,1H,CHS), 2.58(d,1H,SH,J=6.6 Hz), 1.39(s,9H,tert.butyl)

Analogously to the method as set out in Example II-D but using appropriate starting materials the following compounds are obtained:

Example II-D-1 N—BOC-3-(R/S)-mercapto-cyclohexylamin Example II-D-2 4-(R/S)-Mercapto-azepan-2-one

from 4-(R/S)-(2,4,6-trimethyl-benzyl-sulfanyl)-azepan-2-one. ¹H-NMR(d₆-DMSO): 6.15, 5.1 (2×m,H₁₉,H₂₀,H₂₁), 5.52(d,1H,J=5.2 Hz,H₁₄), 3.4(m,1H,H₁₁,), 3.3 (m,2H,H₂₂), 2.99-3.12(b,2H,CH₂N), 3.18(m,1H,SCH), 2.7 (m,1H,C═OCH), 2.67(d,1H,SH,J=5.5 Hz), 2.58(d,1H,C═OCH,J=13.5 Hz), 1.18,1.45 (2×s,(CH3)₁₅,(CH3)18), 0.75,0.88 (2×d,(CH₃)₁₆,(CH₃)₁₇,J=5.4 Hz).

Example II-E N—BOC-3-(R/S)-(2,4,6-trimethyl-benzyl-sulfanyl)-cyclohexyl-(R/S)-amine

A solution of 11 g of 3-(R/S)-(2,4,6-trimethyl-benzyl-sulfanyl)-cyclohexylamine, 9.15 g of BOC-anhydride and 4.2 g of triehylamine in 100 ml of THF is stirred at 25° for 12 hours, solvent is evaporated and the concentrated residue is distributed between CH₂Cl₂ and 1M HCl. From the organic phase obtained solvent is evaporated and the evaporation residue is subjected to chromatography. N—BOC-3-(R/S)-(2,4,6-trimethyl-benzyl-sulfanyl)-cyclohexyl-(R/S)-amine is obtained. ¹H-NMR(d₆-DMSO): 6.81,(s,1H,NHCO), 6.8 (s,2H, arom.H), 3.75 (s,2H,C₆H₅CH₂S—),3.2 (m,1H,CHN), 2.70 (m,1H,CHS), 2.13 2.15,2.3(9H, 3×CH₃),1.4(s,9H,tert.butyl)

Example II-F Toluene-4-sulfonic acid (3S,3aS,6R,6aR)-6-hydroxy-hexahydro-furo[3,2-b]furan-3-yl ester and Toluene-4-sulfonic acid (3R,3aS,6S,6aR)-6-hydroxy-hexahydro-furan[3,2-b]furan-3-yl ester

A solution of 8.76 g of (3S,3aS,6R,6aR)-hexahydro-furo[3,2-b]furan-3,6-diol in 80 ml of pyridine is stirred for 16 hours with 13.7 g of toluenesulfonylchloride, solvent is distilled off and the distillation residue is dissolved in EtAc and extracted with 1N HCl, saturated aqueous NaHCO₃-solution and H₂O. The organic layer obtained is dried, solvent is evaporated and the evaporation residue is subjected to chromatography. Toluene-4-sulfonic acid (3S,3aS,6R,6aR)-6-hydroxy-hexahydro-furo[3,2-b]furan-3-yl ester (a) and toluene-4-sulfonic acid (3R,3aS,6S,6aR)-6-hydroxy-hexahydro-furo[3,2-b]furan-3-yl ester (b) are obtained. ¹HNMR(DMSO-d₆) of form (a): 7.8 (d,2H,Ar—H,J=8.2 Hz), 7.5 (d,2H,Ar—H,J=8.6 Hz), 4.95 (d,1H,6-OH), 4.8 (m, 1H, H-3), 4.42 (dd,1H,H-6a,J=4.6 and 4.8 Hz), 4.38 (d,1H,H-3a,J=4.6), 4.08 (m,1H,H-6), 3.8 (m,2H,2×H-2), 3.7, 3.25 (2×dd, 2H, 2×H-5), 2.4 (s, 3H, Ar—CH₃). ¹HNMR(DMSO-d₆) of form (b): 7.8 (d,2H,Ar—H,J=8.6 Hz), 7.5 (d,2H,Ar—H,J=8.6 Hz), 5.15 (d, 6-OH, J=3.5), 4.9 (m, 1H, H-3), 4.45 (dd,1H,H-3a,J=4.3 and 4.8 Hz), 4.2 (d,1H,H6a,J=4.3), 4.0 (m,1H,H-6), 3.7 (m,3H,H-2 and 2×H-5), 3.5 (dd,1H,H-2,J=9.5 and 6.3 Hz), 2.4 (s, 3H, Ar—CH₃).

Example II-G N—BOC-4-Hydroxy-piperidin-3-thiol, N—BOC-3-Hydroxy-piperidin-4-thiol

A solution of 1 g of N—BOC-3,4-epoxy-piperidin, 1.9 g of triphenylsilylmercaptane and 0.7 ml of triethylamine in 12.5 ml of THF is stirred for 24 hours at 70°, and 1.7 g of TBAF and 0.9 ml acetic acid are added. The mixture obtained is stirred for 1 hour and distributed between brine and EtAc. The organic phase is dried, solvent is evaporated and the evaporation residue obtained is subjected to chromatography on silica gel. (a): N—BOC-4-Hydroxy-piperidin-3-thiol, and (b): N—BOC-3-hydroxy-piperidin-4-thiol are obtained.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) of (a): 4.45, 4.12, 2.8 (3×m,3H,CH₂NCH), 3.31 (dt, 1H, CHO, J=4.3 Hz,J=10 Hz), 2.65,2.6(2×m,2H,CHN,CHS), 1.5(s,9H,tert.butyl).

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) of (b): 4.25, 3.45 2.7, (3×m,3H,CH₂NCH), 3.2 (m,1H,CHO), 2.55(m,2H, NCH,CHS), 1.5(s,9H,tert.butyl).

Test Example In vitro Test Results of Pleuromutilins, Metronidazole and Tetracycline

Activity of TEST COMPOUNDS (TCs) against H.pylori strains ATCC 43504, 43526, 43629, 49503 and 51652 is determined according to the Agar Dilution Method, using Mueller Hinton agar, supplementet with >2 week old horse blood (5% v/v), incubation at 35° C. for 3 days in a gas system-generated microaerobic atmosphere according to NCCLS recommendations, such as disclosed in “Methods for dilution antimicrobial susceptibility tests for bacteria that grow aerobically “—Fourth edition; approved standard. M7-A4 Vol.17 No.2 (1997) and M100-S9 Vol.19 No.1(1999).

In vitro activity of the following TEST COMPOUNDS (TC) and of metronidazole and tetracycline Is determined:

-   -   TC-I: a compound of formula I-Valnemulin (Econor®)     -   TC-II: a compound of formula of formula I_(s1)-WO0109095     -   TC-III: a compound of formula of formula I_(s2)-WO0109095

Results of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC in μg/ml)) of TC-I, TC-II and TC-III and of metronidazole (MET) and tetracycline (TEC) in vitro tests against Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) strains as set out in TABLE TEST are as set out in TABLE TEST below: TABLE TEST Bacterial Strain/ MIC (μg/ml) ATCC number TC-I TC-II TC-III MET TEC H.pylori/43504 0.025 <0.0125 0.025 128 0.4 H.pylori/43526 0.05 0.05 0.05 4 0.4 H.pylori/43629 <0.0125 <0.0125 <0.0125 128 0.4 H.pylori/49503 <0.0125 0.025 0.025 4 0.2 H.pylori/51652 0.025 0.025 0.025 2 0.2 

1. Use of a pleuromutilin in the preparation of a medicament for the treatment of diseases mediated by Helicobacter pylori.
 2. Use according to claim 1 wherein a pleuromutilin is used in combination with one or more other pharmaceutically active agents.
 3. A method for the treatment of diseases mediated by Helicobacter pylori, comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment an effective amount of a pleuromutilin.
 4. A method according to claim 3 comprising administering an effective amount of a pleuromutilin in combination with one or more other pharmaceutically active agents.
 5. Use or a method according to claim 1 wherein the pleuromutilin is a compound comprising the basic structural elements as set out in formula

wherein R is vinyl or ethyl and the dotted line is a bond or is no bond.
 6. Use or a method according to claim 5 wherein the pleuromutilin is selected from the group consisting of a pleuromutilin of formula

a pleuromutilin of formula

and a pleuromutilin of formula


7. Use or a method according to claim 1 wherein the disease is selected from the group consisting of active chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, gastric adenocarcinoma, malignant lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue of the stomach, chronic renal failure, HIV, pernicious anemia, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, and choleric polyps. 